Browsing by Author "Tumwesigye, Raymond"

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    Access to family planning services and associated factors among young people in Lira city northern Uganda
    (BioMed Central Ltd, 2024-04) Kigongo, Eustes; Tumwesigye, Raymond; Anyolitho, Maxson Kenneth; Musinguzi, Marvin; Kwizera, Gad; Achan, Everlyne; Nabasirye, Caroline Kambugu; Udho, Samson; Kabunga, Amir; Omech, Bernard
    Access to family planning services among young people is crucial for reproductive health. This study explores the access and associated factors among young people in Lira City, Northern Uganda. A mixed-methods study was conducted in March to April 2022. Quantitative data were collected using a structured questionnaire from 553 participants aged 15-24 years. Qualitative data were obtained through in-depth interviews and focus group discussions. Data analysis included univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses for quantitative data, while interpretative phenomenological analysis was used for qualitative data. Overall, 31.7% of the respondents had a good perceived access to family planning services, with 64.6% reporting perceived availability of FP methods. Challenges included lack of privacy (57.7%), fear of mistreatment (77.2%), and decision-making difficulties (66.2%). Among females, good perceived access to FP services was less likely among urban residents (AOR: 0.22, 95% CI: 0.09-0.53), Christian respondents (AOR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.01-0.36), Muslim respondents (AOR: 0.07, 95% CI: 0.01-0.55) and respondents with poor attitude to FP services (AOR: 0.39, 95% CI: 0.24-0.64), but more likely among respondents with a sexual a partner (AOR: 4.48, 95% CI: 2.60-7.75). Among males, good perceived access to FP services was less likely among respondents living with parents (AOR: 0.19, 95% CI: 0.05-0.67) but more likely among respondents with good knowledge of FP services (AOR: 2.28, 95% CI: 1.02-5.32). Qualitative findings showed that three themes emerged; knowledge of family planning methods, beliefs about youth contraception and, friendliness of family planning services. The study revealed a substantial gap in perceived access to family planning services among young people in Lira City. Barriers include privacy concerns, fear of mistreatment, and decision-making difficulties. Tailored interventions addressing urban access, religious beliefs for females, and knowledge enhancement for males are essential. Positive aspects like diverse FP methods and physical accessibility provide a foundation for targeted interventions. Youth-friendly services, comprehensive sexual education, and further research are emphasized for a nuanced understanding and effective interventions in Northern Uganda.
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    An Analysis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder and Quality of Life Among Adults Living with HIV in Western Uganda
    (Dove, 2024-03) Kabunga, Amir; Kigongo, Eustes; Udho, Samson; Auma, Anna Grace; Tumwesigye, Raymond; Musinguzi, Marvin; Acup, Walter; Ruth Akello, Anne; Okalo, Ponsiano; Nabaziwa, Jannat; Mwirotsi Shikanga, Enos; Halima, Namata
    Amir Kabunga,1 Eustes Kigongo,2 Samson Udho,3 Anna Grace Auma,3 Raymond Tumwesigye,3 Marvin Musinguzi,4 Walter Acup,4 Anne Ruth Akello,2 Ponsiano Okalo,1 Jannat Nabaziwa,4 Enos Mwirotsi Shikanga,5 Namata Halima6 1Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Lira University, Lira City, Uganda; 2Department of Environmental Health and Disease Control, Faculty of Public Health, Lira University, Lira City, Uganda; 3Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Lira University, Lira City, Uganda; 4Department of Community Health, Faculty of Public Health, Lira University, Lira City, Uganda; 5Department of Education Psychology, Moi University, Eldoret City, Kenya; 6Department of Mental Health, Makerere University, Kampala City, UgandaCorrespondence: Amir Kabunga, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Lira University, P.O Box 1035, Lira City, Uganda, Tel +256777929576, Email akabunga@lirauni.ac.ugBackground: HIV/AIDS remains a significant global public health issue, profoundly impacting infected individuals. Living with HIV involves complex mental health dynamics, with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) being a prevalent challenge. This study aims to examine the correlation between PTSD and quality of life among HIV-positive individuals in western Uganda.Material and Methods: Conducted between May and July 2023, this facility-based cross-sectional study surveyed 439 participants from four HIV clinics in southwestern Uganda. Data were collected through interviewer-administered questionnaires, analyzed using descriptive statistics, simple linear regression, and multiple linear regression (p< 0.05).Results: Respondents had a mean age of 40.6 years, with 68.3% female, 54.9% married, and 55.1% lacking formal education. The reported PTSD prevalence among HIV-positive individuals was 33.7%, significantly correlating with reduced overall quality of life (β = − 4.52; p< 0.001). The social quality of life had the highest mean score of 14.24 (± 3.45) while the environmental quality of life had the lowest mean score 11.89 (± 2.68).Conclusion: Our study reveals a concerning prevalence of PTSD, affecting 1 in 3 individuals, emphasizing the pressing need for comprehensive mental health support within HIV care settings. We observed a significant negative impact of PTSD on overall quality of life, particularly in physical and social aspects. Integrating mental health screening into routine HIV care is crucial, using validated tools like the PSTD Checklist Civilian Version, alongside training for healthcare providers to recognize PTSD symptoms in the context of HIV diagnosis and treatment.Keywords: HIV, mental health, post-traumatic stress disorder, quality of life
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    Prevalence and Correlates of Cardiovascular Autonomic Neuropathy Among Patients with Diabetes in Uganda: A Hospital-Based Cross-sectional Study
    (Global Heart, 2020) Migisha, Richard; Agaba, David Collins; Katamba, Godfrey; Kwaga, Teddy; Tumwesigye, Raymond; Miranda, Silvia Lopez; Muyingo, Anthony; Siedner, Mark J.
    Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) is a common complication in individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) but often overlooked in clinical practice. The burden and correlates of CAN have not been extensively studied in low-income countries, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and correlates of CAN among adults in ambulatory diabetes care in southwestern Uganda. Method: We conducted a cross-sectional study among adults with diabetes from November 2018 to April 2019. CAN was assessed using the five autonomic function tests: deep breathing, Valsalva maneuver, postural index on standing, change in blood pressure during standing and diastolic blood pressure response to isometric exercise. We estimated the prevalence of CAN and fit regression models to identify its demographic and clinical correlates. Results: We enrolled 299 individuals. The mean age was 50.1 years (SD ± 9.8), mean HbA1c was 9.7 (SD ± 2.6) and 69.6% were female. CAN was detected in 156/299 (52.2%) of the participants on the basis of one or more abnormal cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests. Out of 299 participants, 88 (29.4%) were classified as early CAN while 61/299 (20.4%) and 7/299 (2.3%) were classified as definite and severe (advanced) CAN respectively. In multivariable regression models, age over 50 years (aOR 3.48, 95%CI 1.35 –8.99, p = 0.010), duration of diabetes over 10 years (aOR 4.09, 95%CI 1.78 –9.38, p = 0.001), and presence of diabetic retinopathy (aOR 2.25, 95%CI 1.16 –4.34, p = 0.016) were correlated with CAN. Conclusions: Our findings reveal a high prevalence of CAN among individuals in routine outpatient care for diabetes mellitus in Uganda. Older age, longer duration of diabetes and coexistence of retinopathy are associated with CAN. Future work should explore the clinical significance and long term outcomes associated with CAN in this region.
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    Qualitative study on stigma as a barrier to emergency contraceptive pill use among university students in the Lango subregion, Uganda
    (British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2024-02) Kabunga, Amir; Kigongo, Eustes; Acanga, Alfred; Tumwesigye, Raymond; Auma, Anna Grace; Musinguzi, Marvin; Kambugu, Caroline Nabasirye; Okalo, Ponsiano; Abal, Judith Akello; Namata, Halimah; Mwesigwa, David
    OBJECTIVEThe aim of the current study was twofold: to understand the nature and extent of stigma and to learn the reasons behind the decision not to use emergency contraceptive pills among university students in the Lango subregion of Uganda.DESIGNAn exploratory qualitative study design.SETTINGThe study was carried out among university students in Lango subregion of Uganda.PARTICIPANTS40 female university students across four universities.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESStigma.RESULTSParticipants (n=40) aged 19-26 exhibited generally positive attitudes towards emergency contraceptive pills, recognising them as empowering and essential. Stigma, however, emerged as a substantial barrier manifested in societal judgements and negative perceptions. Themes included the positive attitude towards emergency contraceptive pills, perceptions of peers and the general public, and perceptions of health service providers. CONCLUSION Stigma significantly impedes emergency contraceptive pill use among university students in the Lango subregion, Uganda. Positive attitudes towards the pills contrast with societal judgements and provider stigmatisation. Tailored interventions addressing knowledge gaps, societal perceptions and healthcare system challenges are crucial for improving emergency contraceptive pill acceptability and utilisation among university students.