Browsing by Author "Taabu, H.L."

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    Dynamics of Cyanogens and In-Vitro Degradability of Cassava Peels as an Indicator of its Nutritional Value as Animal Feed
    (Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2015) Taabu, H.L.; Ndyomugyenyi, E.K.; Mutetikka, D.; Wasswa, D.
    The in-vitro degradability of cassava peels and its relationship with the cyanogenic potential of five cassava varieties grown in Uganda was investigated to study the potential of cassava peels as an energy source in animal feeds. The cassava varieties included NASE 3, NASE 4, NASE 10, TME 14 and Tongolo. The first four varieties were considered to be of low to medium cyanogenic potential (CNp), while the last one contained high CNp. Cassava peels had 25.5 ± 6.6% dry matter (DM), 86.6 ± 0.9% organic matter (OM) and 56.8 ± 5.8% neutral detergent fibre (NDF). Degradability of DM, OM and NDF was 74.8± 4.2%, 74% ± 7.5% and 44.2 ± 7.5% respectively. Total cyanogenic potential and free hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the fresh peels ranged from 923 to 2815 and 33 to 676 mg HCN equivalent kg-1 DM respectively. These levels dropped by 27- 88% and over 90% respectively, when the peels were dried. For all varieties, the residual cyanogenic potential after drying the peels fell within the safety limits recommended by FAO/WHO for food and feed. The study showed that using fresh peels in sufficient amounts for feeding animals, particularly monogastrics, is potentially harmful due to high cyanogenic potential. Drying the peels can, however, reduce the cyanide toxicity risks. The low NDF degradability reduces the nutritional value of cassava peels if they are used as a sole source of energy in ruminant diets.
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    Effect Of Feeding Sweet Potato Vine-Based Diets as Partial Milk Substitutes for Dairy Calves in Uganda
    (Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2016) Taabu, H.L.; Ndyomugyenyi, E.K.; Mutetikka, D.; Ebong, C.
    A study was conducted to determine the potential of sweet potato vine-based diets as partial milk substitute (PMS) for dairy calves. Twenty five Friesian bull-calves weighing 38.7 ± 4.56 kg were fed composite meals containing 0, 30, 40, 50 and 60% air-dried sweet potato vines (SPV) as partial milk substitutes in a completely randomized design (CRD) over a seventy day period. Dietary treatments were introduced 15 days after calving. Milk offered was reduced by one litre every fortnight until 70 days after birth. Proximate and mineral analyses were carried out for ingredients and dietary treatments. Feed intake (FI), average daily weight gains (ADG), feed: gain ratio and variable cost per unit of gain were computed over the experimental period.
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    Feed Utilizable Resources Availability and Utilization in Urban and Peri-Urban Areas of Kampala and Mbarara Districts, Uganda
    (Livestock Research for Rural Development, 2015) Taabu, H.L.; Ndyomugyenyi, E.K.
    A study was conducted in Kampala and Mbarara districts, Uganda to identify and document locally available feed resources for commercial beef production. A total of 72 respondents from each district were used for the study. Data were collected using structured questionnaires, observations, and interviews. Secondary sources of data were also reviewed. Over 60% respondents used zero-grazing system for rearing cattle. Most cattle keepers in the urban and peri-urban areas kept cattle for milk other than beef production. Most respondents in Mbarara district kept more indigenous Ankole cattle than the dairy breeds, while those in Kampala kept more dairy breeds than the indigenous Nganda cattle. Major feed resources used in Kampala and Mbarara districts were agro-industrial by-products, commercial ingredients and crop supply residues. More respondents in Kampala district used both crop supply residues and agro-industrial by-products than their counterparts in Mbarara. In Mbarara district, production and availability of crop-based livestock feed resources heavily relied on the rainfall patterns but in Kampala, the feed resources were independent of the seasons because they were sourced from different parts of the country. The market crop supply residues were widely utilized feed resources in Kampala and Mbarara. Banana peels were the most widely used crop residues, while maize bran was the most widely used agro-industrial by-product. Commercial feed ingredients were the most ingredients utilized by respondents in Kampala (72%) and Mbarara (66%) due to their ability to provide most essential nutrients such as energy and protein. Kampala district had a greater variety and availability of the feed utilizable resources than Mbarara. There is a need to formulate low cost rations based on the available feed resources for testing under the semiintensive beef production systems to identify most practical package for beef production in urban and peri-urban setting.