Browsing by Author "Saah, Jason"

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    Beyond Household Socioeconomic Status: Multilevel Modeling of Supply-Side Determinants of LPG Consumption among 5,500 Households in Sub- Saharan Africa
    (Research square, 2021) Shupler, Matthew; Mangeni, Judith; Tawiah, Theresa; Sang, Edna; Baame, Miranda; Anderson de Cuevas, Rachel; Nix, Emily; Betang, Emmanuel; Saah, Jason; Quansah, Reginald; Puzzolo, Elisa; Mbatchou, Bertrand; Asante, Kwaku Poku; Menya, Diana; Pope, Daniel
    Household transition to cleaner cooking fuels (e.g. liquefied petroleum gas (LPG)) has historically been understood as an “energy ladder” with clean energy access resulting from improvements in household socioeconomic status (SES). Recent studies have demonstrated the importance of supply-side determinants in increasing clean cooking, yet few large-scale studies have assessed their significance quantitatively. As part of the CLEAN-Air(Africa) study, a population-based survey was conducted (N = 5,638) assessing cooking practices in peri-urban communities within Cameroon, Kenya and Ghana. Multilevel logistic and log-linear regression were used to assess socioeconomic and supply-side determinants of LPG usage (primary versus secondary fuel) and consumption (kilograms/capita/year), respectively. Supply-side factors (e.g. cylinder refill and transportation costs) and using single versus multi-burner stoves were better predictors of both the probability of primarily cooking with LPG and annual LPG consumption than household SES. These results suggest the need for policies promoting LPG access and stove equipment that meet household needs.
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    Multiple aspects of energy poverty are associated with lower mental health-related quality of life: A modelling study in three peri-urban African communities
    (SSM-Mental Health, 2022) Shupler, Matthew; Baame, Miranda; Nix, Emily; Tawiah, Theresa; Lorenzetti, Federico; Saah, Jason; Anderson de Cuevas, Rachel; Sang, Edna; Puzzolo, Elisa; Mangeni, Judith; Betang, Emmanuel; Twumasi, Mieks; Amenga-Etego, Seeba; Quansah, Reginald; Mbatchou, Bertrand; Menya, Diana; Poku Asante, Kwaku; Pope, Daniel
    Over 900 million people in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) live in energy poverty, relying on cooking polluting fuels (e.g. wood, charcoal). The association between energy poverty and mental/physical health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among women in SSA, who are primarily tasked with cooking, is unknown. Methods: Females (n ¼ 1,150) from peri-urban Cameroon, Kenya and Ghana were surveyed on their household energy use and mental/physical health status using the standardized Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Random effects linear regression linked household energy factors to SF-36 mental (MCS) and physical component summary (PCS) scores. A binary outcome of ‘likely depression’ was derived based on participants' MCS score. Random effects Poisson regression with robust error variance assessed the relationship between household energy factors and odds of likely depression. Results: The prevalence of likely depression varied by a factor of four among communities (36%-Mbalmayo, Cameroon; 20%-Eldoret, Kenya; 9%-Obuasi, Ghana). In the Poisson model (coefficient of determination (R2) ¼ 0.28), females sustaining 2 or more cooking-related burns during the previous year had 2.7 (95%CI:[1.8,4.1]) times the odds of likely depression as those not burned. Females cooking primarily with charcoal and wood had 1.6 times (95%CI:[0.9,2.7]) and 1.5 times (95%CI:[0.8,3.0]) the odds of likely depression, respectively, as those primarily using liquefied petroleum gas. Women without electricity access had 1.4 (95%CI:[1.1,1.9]) times the odds of likely depression as those with access. In the MCS model (R2 ¼ 0.23), longer time spent cooking was associated with a lower average MCS score in a monotonically increasing manner. In the PCS model (R2 ¼ 0.32), women injured during cooking fuel collection had significantly lower ( 4.8 95%CI:[-8.1,-1.4]) PCS scores. Conclusion: The burden of energy poverty in peri-urban communities in SSA extends beyond physical conditions. Experiencing cooking-related burns, using polluting fuels for cooking or lighting and spending more time cooking are potential risk factors for lower mental HRQoL among women.