Browsing by Author "Oryema, John Bosco"
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Item Determinants of Demand for Private Health Insurance in Uganda(African Journal of Economic Review, 2022) Turyamureba, Medard; Yawe, Bruno L.; Oryema, John BoscoHealth insurance coverage in Uganda is still very low, with only five percent of the individuals covered by any form of health insurance. This study examines the factors that influence demand for private health insurance in Uganda using the 2016 Uganda Demographic Health Survey data. A logistic regression model was employed to identify the determinants of demand for voluntary health insurance in Uganda. The results showed that wealth index, level of education, age of the individual, marital status, residence, and access to information were significant factors affecting uptake of health insurance in Uganda. Individuals from well off households were more likely to have a health insurance cover compared to individuals from the poor ones. Also, individuals who had access to information through listening to radio, reading newspapers, and watching television were more likely to demand health insurance compared to those without access. The findings, therefore, highlight the need for poverty reduction strategies to enhance the incomes of the poor and provide educational interventions regarding the benefits of health insurance in all regions.Item How important are remittances to savings? Evidence from the Latin America and the Caribbean Countries(IZA Journal of Development and Migration, 2022) Nnyanzi, John Bosco; Kilimani, Nicholas; Oryema, John BoscoThis paper investigates the direct and the indirect roles of migrant transfers in the saving behaviors of the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) countries during the period 1997–2018. Using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) panel estimation technique, the results based on the Pooled Mean Group approach provide strong evidence of the importance of inward remittances to savings. On average, an increase in inward remittances by 1% leads to about 0.10% increase in savings ceteris paribus, but the effect is quantitatively larger in the short-run than in the long-run, albeit more significant in the latter case. Quite outstanding here is the observation of the detrimental role of remittances on savings in the long-run once governance quality in aggregate and disaggregated forms are controlled for, suggesting possible adverse effects of remittances for economic development in the long-run. Nevertheless, macroeco- nomic stability as well as institutional quality, foreign direct investment (FDI), and foreign aid were found to be important moderators of the remittances–savings linkage. For the latter two variables, emphasis is on complementarity rather than substitutability between remittances, aid, and FDI. While in the short-run remittances appear to perform better in enhancing sav- ings in countries where an improvement in corruption control is visible, political rights and civil liberties compliment migrant transfers in propelling savings in the long- and short-runs, respectively. Moreover, remittances are found to play a major role in ameliorating the adverse effects of the financial crisis on savings, just as they are observed to function as a lifeline to savings in countries with increasing macroeconomic instability in form of inflation, in the long-run. The findings are robust to the use of alternative estimation techniques. Policy recom- mendations are suggested.Item Real exchange rate undervaluation, regional integration and services sector performance: evidence from the East African Community(Journal of Economic Structures, 2022) Kilimani, Nicholas; Nnyanzi, John Bosco; Oryema, John BoscoWe undertake to estimate the efects of real exchange rate misalignment and regional integration on the service sector performance in selected countries from East Africa during the period of 1991–2017. The main fndings, based on the traditional Pooled Mean Group ARDL technique as well as the alternative panel Cross-Sectional Autore- gressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) approach render support for an undervaluation-led services sector performance as well as the importance of regional integration in the observed linkage. Additional evidence reveals that both the monetary policy and the fscal policy are key channels via which currency undervaluation impacts on the services sector output. The existence of non-linearities in an inverted U-shaped curve is equally confrmed in the data, where small and moderate undervaluations spur service sector performance just as large undervaluations after some threshold hinder it. Exchange rate volatility is found detrimental to the services sector in the long run. Policies that would help promote the underlying catalysts of undervaluation, curtail exchange rate volatility as well as those that promote deeper regional integration should be strengthened. Likewise, undervaluation policies would yield optimal benefts to the services sector once they are accompanied by well-calculated monetary and fscal policies.