Browsing by Author "Oryem-Origa, Hannington"

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    Assessment of plants for phytoremediation of hydrocarbon-contaminated soils in the Sudd Wetland of South Sudan
    (Plant, Soil and Environment, 2019) Alexander Ruley, Jane; Tumuhairwe, John Baptist; Amoding, Alice; Opolot, Emmanuel; Oryem-Origa, Hannington; Basamba, Twaha
    Hydrocarbon contaminants have become a global concern due to their long-term adverse effects on soil ecosystems and human health. Successful implementation of phytoremediation to clean up hydrocarbon contaminants requires the identification of the most effective remediation plant species. Twelve native plant species of the Sudd Wetland in South Sudan were evaluated for their potential application as phytoremediators. The treatments included six total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 125 g/kg soil. The twelve native plant species tested were: Sorghum arundinaceum Desv., Oryza longistaminata A. Chev. & Roehrich, Hyparrhenia rufa Nees, Abelmoschus ficulneus L., Gossypium barbadense L., Nicotiana tabacum L., Sorghum bicolour L. Moench, Eleusine coracana Gaertn., Capsicum frutescens L., Zea mays L., Tithonia diversifolia Hemsl. and Medicago sativa L. Significant differences in phytoremediation rates were observed amongst the treatments with exception of the 125 g/kg soil concentration of hydrocarbon that was lethal to all the plant species. Over 50% TPH reduction in the 75 g/kg soil concentration was observed in contaminated soil phytoremediation in H. rufa, G. barbadense, O. longistaminata, T. diversifolia and S. arundinaceum, making them potential phytoremediators of hydrocarbon-contaminated soil in the Sudd-Wetland of South-Sudan.
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    Data on medicinal plants used by herbalists for boosting immunity in people living with HIV/ AIDS in Uganda
    (Elsevier, 2020) Anywar, Godwin; Kakudidi, Esezah; Byamukama, Robert; Mukonzo, Jackson; Schubert, Andreas; Oryem-Origa, Hannington
    This Data in Brief article provides supplementary information to orearlier Ethnobotanical survey on medicinal plants used by traditional medicine practitioners to boost the immune system in people living with HIV/AIDS in Uganda [1]. We identified 71 medicinal plant species from 37 families and 64 genera. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages. Most of the plant species used were trees (27) and herbs (25) from the Fabaceae (15.7%) Asteraceae Phyllanthaceae (8.6%),Rubiaceae (5.7%) and Rubiaceae (5.7%) families. Additionally, we conducted a detailed literature review of the documented species to justify their use as immunostimulants. This data is derived from a larger survey to document the use of medicinal plant species intreating opportunistic infections in Uganda by Anywar et al. [2].
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    Regeneration of an afromontane forest Following agricultural encroachment in Southwestern Uganda
    (Israel Journal Of Plant Sciences, 2000) Lejju, Julius Bunny; Oryem-Origa, Hannington; Kasenene, John M.
    A study of the regeneration of an Afromontane forest was carried out in Mgahinga Gorilla National Park (MGNP), southwestern Uganda, following agricultural encroachment in the last 50 years. The landscape was changed by terracing and removing the indigenous vegetation and replacing it with exotic tree species. This study also examined the soil nutrient status of the formerly encroached area in the park. Species richness of indigenous trees was high in the formerly cultivated area. Twenty-six indigenous species were found in the formerly cultivated area, compared with 20 species in the natural forest and 12 species of indigenous trees found under exotic woodlots. There was a significant difference in species richness and density in the three habitat types. The natural forest supported the highest stem density (75%), and the lowest stem density (4%) was recorded under exotic woodlots. Seedlings (<2 cm diameter at breast height) accounted for the majority of juveniles in the three habitats. The natural forest had the highest density (24,625 seedlings/ha), and exotic woodlots supported the lowest stem density (1,350 seedlings/ha).
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    Regeneration of indigenous trees in Mgahinga Gorilla National Park, Uganda
    (African Journal of Ecology, 2001) Lejju, Julius B.; Oryem-Origa, Hannington; Kasenene, John M.
    This study examines the regeneration of indigenous tree species in the formerly encroached area in Mgahinga Gorilla National Park (MGNP), south-western Uganda. Before gazetting in 1992, MGNP had basically been agricultural land for well over 50 years. The distribution of exotic vegetationwas established using a Geo- graphical Positioning System receiver and indigenous vegetation was sampled by establishment of quadrats along transect lines.
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    Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum bacterial infection induces organ-specific callose and hydrogen peroxide production in banana
    (PhytoFrontiers, 2021) Sadik Mustafa, Abubakar; Tugume, Benison; Ssenku, Jamilu E.; Ssemanda, Paul; Athman, Shahasi Y.; Oryem-Origa, Hannington; Kubiriba, Jerome; Dinesh-Kumar, Savithramma P.; Tugume, Arthur K.
    Xanthomonas campestris pv. musacearum (Xcm) bacteria cause banana Xanthomonas wilt (BXW), the most destructive disease of bananas in East and Central Africa. During early stages of infection in susceptible banana cultivars, incomplete systemic movement of Xcm limits bacterial colonization in the upper organs. Mechanistic basis of this delayed movement is unknown. We hypothesized that Xcm infection triggers basal pattern triggered immune (PTI) responses whose spatial and temporal variability along banana’s anatomical structure accounts for initially limiting Xcm in upper organs. Hence, we examined PTI responses such as callose deposition and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production in different organs in response to Xcm infection in BXW susceptible Kayinja and Mbwazirume banana cultivars and wild resistant progenitor Musa balbisiana. Xcm-induced callose increased and peaked at 14 days post inoculation (dpi) and 28dpi as assessed by fluorescence microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, respectively. The levels of Xcm-induced H2O2 and callose were highest in the pseudostems and corms, respectively, and were independent of host susceptibility or resistance to BXW. H2O2 production showed a biphasic transient pattern with an initial increase at 1-hour post Xcm-inoculation (hpi), followed by a decline 3- 6hpi and then a second increase by 12hpi. Our findings point to organ-specific responses to Xcm infection in bananas. The corm which doubles as a subterranean parenating organ and interface between mother plants and lateral shoots, was the most responsive organ in callose production while the pseudostem was the most responsive organ in H2O2 production, suggesting the significance of these organs in banana response to BXW.