Browsing by Author "Omara, John"
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Item Biological Treatment of Meat Processing Wastewater Using Lab-Scale Anaerobic-Aerobic/Anoxic Sequencing Batch Reactors Operated in Series(Journal of Bioremediation & Biodegradation, 2016) Nzioka Mutua, David; Mwaniki Njagi, Eliud N.; Orinda, George; Obondi, Geoffry; Kansiime, Frank; Kyambadde, Joseph; Omara, John; Odong, Robinson; Butungi, HellenIn the eastern Africa sub-region, many industries discharge untreated effluents to nearby water resources, thereby polluting the environment. This is because the technologies applicable for wastewater treatment are expensive for these small-medium sized companies with low profit margins. Slaughterhouses belong to this category of industrial setup. The objective of this study was to investigate treatment of meat processing wastewater using anaerobic– aerobic/anoxic Sequencing Batch Reactors (SBRs) operated in series. Reactors were operated for one year using meat processing wastewater. Hydraulic retention time was 2 days for the anaerobic SBR, and 1 day for the aerobic/ anoxic SBR while the organic loading was 12.8 kg COD/m3/day. In the anaerobic SBR, removal efficiencies for total and soluble chemical oxygen demand (TCOD and SCOD), total suspended solids (TSS) and turbidity were 79, 76, 79, and 70%, respectively, with effluent mean concentrations of 3554 ± 58 mg/L, 762 ± 3 mg/L, 2307 ± 21, and 2800 ± 9 FAU. Conductivity, ammonia-nitrogen, ortho-phosphates and total phosphorus concentrations increased by 38, 80, 81 and 71%. Pollutant removal efficiencies in the aerobic/anoxic SBR were 98, 96, 97, 89, 74, 97, 91, 90, and 86% for TCOD, SCOD, BOD, TSS, turbidity, ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +–N), total nitrogen (TN), orthophosphorus (o-PO4 3-–P), and total phosphorus (TP), respectively. Except TKN (35 ± 4 mg/L) and o-PO4 3-–P (8 ± 1 mg/L), all other parameters in the aerobically treated effluent met national discharge standards. Thus, abattoir effluent can be treated using anaerobic–aerobic/anoxic SBR system.Item The potential of four tropical wetland plants for the treatment of abattoir effluent(International journal of environmental technology and management, 2013) Odong, Robinson; Kansiime, Frank; Omara, John; Kyambadde, JosephWe investigated morphological characteristics and treatment potential of Cyperus papyrus, Typha domingensis, Miscanthidium violaceum, and Phragmites mauritianus receiving slaughterhouse wastewater in Kampala, Uganda, in experimental mesocosms. Unplanted mesocosms acted as controls. All planted mesocosms achieved significantly higher removals for nitrogen, phosphorus and organic matter than unplanted mesocosms. Among macrophytes, C. papyrus depicted highest pollutant uptake. The umbel of C. papyrus had the highest concentration of phosphorus (3.9 mg/g dry weight); while nitrogen concentration was highest in P. mauritianus shoot tissue (39.70 mg/g dry weight). Plants provided the necessary conditions that aided the removal of nutrients and organics through physical and biochemical processes. C. papyrus attained the highest biomass (31.0 kg dry weight/m2), compared to T. domingensis (7.5 kg dry weight/m2), P. mauritianus (7.2 kg dry weight/m2) and M. violaceum (5.0 kg dry weight/m2). C. papyrus had the largest total root surface area (200,634 cm2) in experimental mesocosms measuring 960 cm2.Item Tertiary treatment of abattoir wastewater in a horizontal subsurface flow-constructed wetland under tropical conditions(International Journal of Environment and Waste Management, 2015) Odong, Robinson; Kansiime, Frank; Omara, John; Kyambadde, JosephA horizontal subsurface flow-constructed wetland (HSSF-CW) system planted with Cyperus papyrus was used to polish abattoir wastewater pre-treated in anaerobic and aerobic sequencing batch reactors at City Abattoir, Kampala. The HSSF-CW was 13 m long, 5 m wide, and was filled with gravel up to a depth of 0.6 m, of which 0.55 m was saturated with wastewater at hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1.16 days. The percentage removals for turbidity, ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N), total nitrogen (TN), orthophosphate (o-PO4-P), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD) and faecal coliform were 76, 48, 46, 74, 63, 60, and 100, respectively. Among different plant tissues investigated (roots, culm, sheath and umbel), nitrogen concentration was highest in the sheath. The different parts of plants also had different concentrations of phosphorus, with the culm having the highest concentration. Compared to literature, the percentage removals for organic