Browsing by Author "Okello, David Kalule"

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    Bridging the Gap: Decomposing Sources of Gender Yield Gaps in Uganda Groundnut Production.
    (Gender, Technology and Development, 2019) Mugisha, Johnny; Sebatta, Christopher; Mausch, Kai; Ahikiriza, Elizabeth; Okello, David Kalule; Njuguna, Esther M.
    Female plot managers in Sub-Saharan Africa often realize significantly lower crop yields than their male counterparts. Even for legumes, which are often referred to as ‘women’s crops’, yields are significantly lower. This study investigated the underlying causes of this gender yield gap in groundnut production. The analysis is based on survey data from 228 farm households from two groundnut growing regions in Uganda. We used the Blinder-Oaxaca model to decompose factors that contribute to this yield gap. Results show 63% and 44% gender yield gaps for improved and local varieties, respectively, with female plot managers realizing less than their male counterparts. Improved groundnut seeds increase female plot manager’s yields but not the yields of male plot managers. Male advantage and female disadvantage combined account for more than 70% of the yield gap in both improved and local groundnut variety production and exceed pure productivity differences. Labor use differences between female and male plot managers and variety types explain the observed yield gap. Interventions and policies that increase women’s access to productive inputs including improved seed will significantly contribute to closing the yield gap, and thereby increase crop production, food security, as well as women’s incomes.
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    Genetic variability studies of Valencia groundnut varieties for late leaf spot (Phaeoisariopsis personata) resistance
    (African Journal of Plant Science, 2015-08-30) Wambi, Wilber; Tukamuhabwa, Pinehas; Okello, David Kalule; Deom, Carl Michael; Puppala, Naveen
    The study was initiated to determine the genetic variability of late leaf spot (LLS) resistance among segregating generations of Valencia groundnut varieties. Crosses were made between NuMex-M3 × ICGV-SM 02501, Valencia C × ICGV-SM 02501, Redbeauty × ICGV-SM 03590 and Valencia C × SGV-07009 parental lines and the resulting generations (F1, F2, BC1P1 and BC1P2,), along with parents for each cross, were evaluated for LLS resistance on a 1-9 scale under natural conditions in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Analysis of variance was performed for generations of each cross, coefficients of variation and heritability were estimated for all crosses except for the Valencia C × SGV-07009 cross. Three crosses showed highly significant differences among generations for LLS resistance (P≤ 0.05). The three crosses exhibited moderate to high levels of genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) (15.43 to 23.13 %) and phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) (16.89 to 28.82%). The exception was the Redbeauty × ICGV-SM 03590 cross which showed low (9.50%) GCV. Broad-sense heritability (h2b) estimates for LLS disease scores were moderate to high (32 to 64%) for the three crosses. The results reveal substantial variation for LLS resistance in generations of these crosses indicating that the trait under study was heritable.