Browsing by Author "Odoi-Adome, Richard"

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    Cross sectional study of drug substitution in community pharmacies in the Ugandan capital city
    (BMC Health Services Research, 2014) Nabbale, Asha; Odoi-Adome, Richard; Kitutu, Freddy
    The escalating cost of pharmaceuticals is a global challenge and major hindrance to access to medicines in developing countries. Half of the Ugandan population lacks reliable access to essential medicines and out of pocket expenditure by patients is as high as 80% [1]. Generic medicines provide an opportunity for savings on medicine expenditure due to their cheaper price [2,3]. Generic substitution has been recommended by World Health Organisation and is widely practised in Africa as long as the prescriber does not forbid nor the patient decline [4]. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the nature and prevalence of drug substitution in community pharmacies in Kampala, the capital city of Uganda. Dispensers’ perceptions were also explored.
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    Non-adherence to anti-TB drugs among TB/HIV co-infected patients in Mbarara Hospital Uganda: Prevalence and associated factors
    (African health sciences, 2009) Amuha, Monica G.; Kutyabami, Paul; Kitutu, Freddy E.; Odoi-Adome, Richard; Kalyango, Joan N.
    Non-adherence to treatment remains a major obstacle to efficient tuberculosis control in developing countries. The dual infection of Tuberculosis and HIV presents further adherence problems because of high pill burden and adverse effects. This poses a risk of increased multi-drug resistant TB. However, the prevalence of non-adherence and its associated factors have not been studied in these patients in Uganda. Objectives: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with non-adherence to anti-TB drugs among TB/HIV co-infected patients in Mbarara hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study with qualitative and quantitative data collection methods was conducted among TB/HIV coinfected adults in Mbarara hospital from January to March 2008. Consecutive sampling was used to select 140 participants. Adherence was assessed over a 5-day period prior to the interview using patients self-reports. Data was collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Qualitative data was collected through key informant interviews using a topic guide and was analyzed manually. Quantitative data was analyzed using STATA version 8. Logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with nonadherence. Results: The prevalence of non-adherence was 25% (95% CI=17.8-32%). Being on continuous phase of the TB regimen was significantly associated with non-adherence (OR=6.24, p<0.001). Alcohol consumption, being on antiretroviral therapy and smoking confounded the relationship between stage of the TB regimen and non-adherence. Conclusion: The prevalence of non-adherence was high. Patients that are on continuous phase of TB treatment should be supported to continue taking their drugs. In addition, patients that drink alcohol; smoke and those not on ART should be targeted with interventions to improve adherence.