Browsing by Author "Nyenje, Philip"

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    Comparison of SWAT and HEC-HMS model performance in simulating catchment runof
    (Journal of Applied Water Engineering and Research, 2023) Sempewo, Jotham Ivan; Twite, Daniel; Nyenje, Philip; Mugume, Seith N.
    Globally, surface water sources are important sources of drinking water and knowledge on their availability and sustainability is important for their protection. Such studies in data-poor regions are very limited. This paper compares the performance of SWAT and HEC-HMS in the event and continuous modeling of rainfall–runoff in two tropical catchments, a low laying and a mountainous one. Model calibration and validation were done using observed streamflow data at Busiu station for Manafwa and at Sezibwa falls for Sezibwa for the period 2000–2013. The results were compared based on objective functions and also the t-test was used to test the statistical significance of the difference in performance. The results show that HEC-HMS performed better than SWAT in Manafwa catchment (p = .003 and p = .000 during calibration and validation, respectively) while in Sezibwa the difference in model performance was not statistically significant (p = .63) although, during calibration, HEC-HMS performed better (p = .01).
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    Transition Management for Improving the Sustainability of WASH Services in Informal Settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa—An Exploration
    (Sustainability, 2018) Silvestri, Giorgia; Julia, M. Wittmayer; Karlijn, Schipper; Kulabako, Robinah; Oduro-Kwarteng, Sampson; Nyenje, Philip; Komakech, Hans; Roel, van Raak
    This paper explores how transition management processes can be designed to address the unsustainability of water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) services in informal settlements in cities in Sub-Saharan Africa. The unsustainability of services related to WASH in informal settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa is deeply embedded in current societal and governance structures, cultures, and practices; it is context-dependent and involves numerous actors with different interests. Based on a literature review and empirical work in Arusha (Tanzania), Dodowa (Ghana), and Kampala (Uganda), we identify five context dimensions that account for the unsustainability of WASH services: (a) multiplicity of WASH practices, structures, and arrangements; (b) governance capacities for WASH services and maintenance; (c) landownership for sustainable access to WASH; (d) public participation in decision-making related to WASH; and (e) socio-economic inequalities governing access to WASH. These dimensions pose numerous conceptual and application challenges for transition management. Based on these challenges, recommendations are formulated for the design of a contextualized, participatory transition management process that is not only functional, but also emancipatory.