Browsing by Author "Nuwabaine, Lilian"
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Item Association between exposure to family planning messages on different mass media channels and the utilization of modern contraceptives among young women in Sierra Leone: insights from the 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic Health Survey(BMC Women's Health, 2022-09-16) Sserwanja, Quraish; Turimumahoro, Patricia; Nuwabaine, Lilian; Kamara, Kassim; Musaba, Milton W.Access to sexual and reproductive health information enables young women to make appropriate decisions. We examined the association between exposure to family panning messages on different mass media and the use of modern contraceptives among young women in Sierra Leone. This was a secondary analysis of the 2019 Sierra Leone Demographic and Health Survey data of young women aged 15–24 years. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select study participants in the survey. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine the association between exposure to family panning messages on different types mass media channels and utilization of modern contraceptives. All our analyses were done using SPSS version 25. Out of 6055 young women, 1506 (24.9%, 95% CI 24.0–26.2) were utilizing a modern contraceptive method with the prevalence higher among urban women (26.5%) compared to rural women (23.1%). Less than half (45.6%) had been exposed to family planning messages on mass media (radio 28.6%, television 10.6%, mobile phones 4.2% and newspapers or magazines 2.2%). Young women who had exposure to family planning messages on radio (AOR: 1.26, 95% CI 1.06–1.50) and mobile phones (AOR: 1.84, 95% CI 1.25–2.69) had higher odds of using modern contraceptives compared to their counterparts without the same exposure. Furthermore, having access to internet (AOR: 1.45, 95% CI 1.19–1.78), working (AOR: 1.49, 95% CI 1.27–1.74), being older (20–24 years) (AOR: 1.75, 95% CI 1.46–2.10), being married (AOR: 0.33, 95% CI 0.26–0.42), having visited a health facility within the last 12 months (AOR: 1.34, 95% CI 1.10–1.63), having secondary (AOR: 2.83, 95% CI 2.20–3.64) and tertiary levels of education (AOR: 3.35, 95% CI 1.83–6.13), higher parity (having above one child) AOR: 1.57, 95% CI 1.19–2.08) and residing in the southern (AOR: 2.11, 95% CI 1.61–2.79), northwestern (AOR: 1.87, 95% CI 1.39–2.52), northern (AOR: 2.11, 95% CI 1.59–2.82) and eastern (AOR: 1.68, 95% CI 1.27–2.22) regions of residence were associated with higher odds of modern contraceptives utilization. In Sierra Leon, only one in four young women were using modern contraception and more than half of them had not had any exposure to family planning messages on the different types of mass media channels. Behavior change communicators can prioritize family planning messages using radio, mobile phones and the internet. In order to publicize and encourage young women to adopt healthy behaviours and increase uptake of modern contraceptive.Item Continuum of maternal and newborn health in Sierra Leone: a 2019 national survey(Archives of Public Health, 2022-08-09) Sserwanja, Quraish; Nuwabaine, Lilian; Mutebi, Ronald K.; Musaba, Milton W.Globally, Sierra Leone has some of the worst maternal and child health indicators. The situation is worsened by a dearth of evidence about the level of continuum of care, an evidence-based intervention aimed at reducing maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Hence this study aimed to assess the level of and factors associated with continuum of maternal and newborn care in Sierra Leone.Item Determinants of Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices and their association with childhood illnesses among 0-23 months old in Rwanda: A nationwide study(Student’s Journal of Health Research Africa, 2023-02) Kawuki, Joseph; Nuwabaine, Lilian; Amwiine, Earnest; Asiimwe, John Baptist; Nakalega, Annet PatienceOptimal Infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices such as exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding are essential for childhood development, and prevention of nutritional deficiency disorders and infectious diseases. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the association of IYCF practices with common childhood illnesses like diarrhea, cough, and fever, and the determinants of IYCF practices. Secondary data from the Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey, 2020 of 3,142 participants was used. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select the participants. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to explore the determinants of Infant and young child feeding practices and their association with common childhood illnesses, using SPSS (version 25). Of the 3,142 women with children below 24 months, 781 and 2,360 had children below 6 months and 6-23 months respectively. Among the 781 children below 6 months, 80.9% (95%CI: 78.2-83.7) were exclusively breastfed, and 7%, 24%, and 14% had suffered from diarrhea, cough, and fever in the last two weeks, respectively. Of the 2,360 children aged 6-23 months, 97.9% (95%CI: 97.3-98.5) were on complementary feeding, and 24%, 35%, and 26% had suffered from diarrhea, cough, and fever, in the last two weeks respectively. Compared to exclusively breastfed children, those not on exclusive breastfeeding had higher odds of suffering from diarrhea (AOR=4.19, 95%CI: 3.01-5.83), cough (AOR=1.63, 95%CI: 1.33-2.00) and fever (AOR=2.00, 95%CI: 1.55-2.58). However, children not on complementary feeding had less odds of suffering from diarrhea (AOR=0.24, 95%CI: 0.17-0.33), cough (AOR=0.61, 95%CI: 0.50-0.74), and fever (AOR=0.50, 95%CI: 0.39-0.64). Women with no health insurance, no media access, residing in the western, and southern regions of Rwanda had higher odds of practicing exclusive breastfeeding compared to their respective counterparts. Older age, primary education, and being in the richest wealth quintile were associated with higher odds of practicing complementary breastfeeding. The study highlighted a significant association between IYCF practices and childhood illnesses. More efforts are needed to improve and promote IYCF practices, as this could also be a vital strategy in the prevention of childhood illnesses. IYCF promotion strategies should focus on the younger, less educated, and poor women residing in urban areas.Item Determinants of quality contraceptive counselling information among young women in Sierra Leone: insights from the 2019 Sierra Leone demographic health survey(BMC Women's Health, 2023-05-15) Sserwanja, Quraish; Nuwabaine, Lilian; Kamara, Kassim; Musaba, Milton W.The quality of contraceptive counseling information received by prospective clients of family planning services can greatly influence both the uptake and continued use of contraceptives. Therefore, an understanding of the level and determinants of quality contraception information among young women in Sierra Leon could inform family programs, with the aim of reducing the high unmet need in the country.Item Factors associated with anaemia among pregnant women in Rwanda: an analysis of the Rwanda demographic and health survey of 2020.(BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2024-04-27) Nuwabaine, Lilian; Kawuki, Joseph; Asiimwe, John BaptistAnaemia in pregnancy is associated with several adverse outcomes for mothers and newborns, as well as their families. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of anaemia and the associated factors among pregnant women in Rwanda. Secondary data from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) was used. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select 435 pregnant women included in the study. Anaemia among pregnant women was defined as a haemoglobin value < 11 g/dL. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the associated factors with anaemia in pregnancy, using SPSS (version 26). Of the 435 pregnant women, 24.6% (95%CI: 21.1–29.3) were anaemic (1 in 4 pregnant women). Not working (AOR = 2.45; 95%CI: 1.14–5.26), being unmarried (AOR = 1.23; 95%CI: 1.24–3.57), low wealth index (AOR = 9.19; 95%CI: 1.64–51.56), having difficulty accessing a nearby health facility (AOR = 5.40; 95%CI: 2.21–13.23), and normal body mass index (AOR = 3.33; 95%CI: 1.46–7.59) were associated with higher odds of being anaemic. However, not taking iron supplements (AOR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.04–0.67), having no exposure to television (AOR = 0.35; 95%CI: 0.14–0.91), being from the southern region (AOR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.03–0.66), and low husband/partner’s education (AOR = 0.08; 95% CI: 0.01–0.59) were associated with lower odds of being anaemic. The study findings indicate a high prevalence of anaemia in pregnancy, which was associated with several socio-demographics. There is a need for setting up mobile clinics and health facilities in hard-to-reach areas for easy accessibility to early anaemia screening services. Conducting mass screening for anaemia targeting pregnant women who are not working, the unmarried, and those with a low wealth index would also be beneficial. The intake of locally available iron rich foods and/ or bio-fortified foods is also recommended.Item Factors Associated with HIV Testing among Pregnant Women in Rwanda: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Survey(PLOS Global Public Health, 2024-01-18) Nuwabaine, Lilian; Kawuki, Joseph; Namulema, Angella; Asiimwe, John Baptist; Sserwanja, Quraish; Gatasi, Ghislaine; Donkor, ElormHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing during pregnancy is crucial for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, through aiding prompt treatment, care, and support. However, few studies have explored HIV testing among pregnant women in Rwanda. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of HIV testing among pregnant women in Rwanda. We used secondary data from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS), comprising 870 pregnant women. Multistage stratified sampling was used by the RDHS team to select participants. We conducted bivariable and multivariable logistic regression to explore factors associated with HIV testing using SPSS (version 25). Of the 870 pregnant women, 94.0% had tested for HIV during their current pregnancy. Younger age (24–34 years), not working, large household size, multiple sex partners, as well as secondary, primary, and no education were associated with higher odds of HIV testing compared to their respective counterparts. However, being unmarried, belonging to the western region, having not visited a health facility, and not having comprehensive HIV knowledge were associated with lower odds of HIV testing. A high proportion of pregnant women had tested for HIV. The study revealed that individual-level factors had the greatest influence on HIV testing in pregnancy, with a few household-level factors showing significance. There is a need for maternal health stakeholders to design and develop HIV testing programs that are region-sensitive. These programs should target older, more educated, working, and unmarried women with limited HIV knowledge.Item Factors Associated with Quality of Intrapartum Care in Kenya: a Complex Samples Analysis of the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey(ResearchSquare, 2024-02-02) Nuwabaine, Lilian; Amwiine, Earnest; Sserwanja, Quraish; Kawuki,Joseph; Amperiize, Mathius; Namulema, Angella; Asiimwe, John BaptistQuality of intrapartum care remains a key intervention for increasing women’s utilization of skilled birth attendants in health facilities and improving maternal and newborn health. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with the quality of intrapartum care using the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS). Secondary data from the 2022 KDHS of 11,863 participants, who were selected by multistage stratied sampling, was used. Quality of intrapartum care was considered if a mother had a facility-based delivery, received skilled assistance during birth, and the baby immediately placed on the mother’s breast by skilled birth attendant within 1 hour after birth. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to determine the factors associated with quality of intrapartum care using SPSS (version 20).Item Factors Associated with Quality of Intrapartum Care in Kenya: a complex samples analysis of the 2022 Kenya demographic and health survey(Research Square, 2024) Nuwabaine, Lilian; Amwiine, Earnest; Sserwanja, Quraish; Namulema, Angella; Asiimwe, John BaptistQuality of intrapartum care remains a key intervention for increasing women’s utilization of skilled birth attendants in health facilities and improving maternal and newborn health. This study aimed to investigate the factors associated with the quality of intrapartum care using the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS). Secondary data from the 2022 KDHS of 11,863 participants, who were selected by multistage stratied sampling, was used. Quality of intrapartum care was considered if a mother had a facility-based delivery, received skilled assistance during birth, and the baby immediately placed on the mother’s breast by skilled birth attendant within 1 hour after birth. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to determine the factors associated with quality of intrapartum care using SPSS (version 20). Of the 11,863 women who had recently given birth, about 52.6% had received quality intrapartum care. As part of the intrapartum care, 88.2% gave birth in a health facility, 90.4% obtained assistance from skilled birth attendants, and 59.8% had their babies placed on the breast by delivery assistants within 1 hour after birth. Women who had attained secondary education (aOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.23–1.90), were working (aOR 1.24, 95% CI: 1.00-1.53), had > = 3 living children (aOR = 1.31 ,95% CI: 1.02–1.68), took 31–60 minutes to reach the health facility (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.41–1.95), were assisted during child birth by doctors (aOR = 19.86, 95% CI: 2.89-136.43) and nurses/midwives/clinical ocers (aOR = 23.09, 95% CI: 3.36-158.89) had higher odds of receiving quality intrapartum care. On the other hand, women in the richest wealth index (aOR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.42–0.98), those who gave birth through cesarean section (AOR = 0.27, 95% CI: 0.20–0.36) and those whose current age of their child was > = 2years (AOR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.60–0.96) were less likely to receive quality intrapartum care. About half of the women received quality clinical intrapartum care in Kenya, with demographic characteristics seeming to be the main drivers of quality intrapartum care. There is need to empower women through increasing access to education and developing initiatives for their economic independence, as well as facilitating their increased access to skilled birth attendants to improve the quality of intrapartum care.Item Factors associated with utilization of quality antenatal care: a secondary data analysis of Rwandan Demographic Health Survey 2020(BMC health services research, 2022-06-22) Sserwanja, Quraish; Nuwabaine, Lilian; Gatasi, Ghislaine; Wandabwa, Julius N.; Musaba, Milton W.Over the last decade, progress in reducing maternal mortality in Rwanda has been slow, from 210 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2015 to 203 deaths per 100,000 live births in 2020. Access to quality antenatal care (ANC) can substantially reduce maternal and newborn mortality. Several studies have investigated factors that influence the use of ANC, but information on its quality is limited. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the determinants of quality antenatal care among pregnant women in Rwanda using a nationally representative sample.Item Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Rwanda: a nationwide cross-sectional survey(tudent’s Journal of Health Research Africa, 2022-11-22) Nuwabaine, Lilian; Kawuki, Joseph; Namulema, Angella; Asiimwe, John Baptist; Donkor, ElormHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing during pregnancy is crucial for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV, thus aiding in prompt treatment, care, and support. However, HIV testing among pregnant women in Rwanda has been barely explored. This study, therefore, aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors of HIV testing among pregnant women in Rwanda. Secondary data from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey comprising 870 pregnant women were used. Multistage stratified sampling was used to select participants. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the factors associated with HIV testing, using SPSS (version 25). Of the 870 pregnant women, 94.0% (95% CI: 92.3-95.4) had tested for HIV during their current pregnancy. Younger age (AOR=1.54, 95%CI: 1.54-4.42), not working (AOR=4.29, 95%CI: 1.52-12.08), large household size (AOR=2.96, 95%CI: 1.01-8.61), multiple sex partners (AOR=4.16, 95%CI: 3.01-5.74), as well as secondary (AOR=8.07, 95%CI: 2.15-11.43), primary (AOR=5.53, 95%CI: 1.28-9.74) and no (AOR=6.07, 95%CI: 1.21-10.44)education were positively associated with HIV testing. However, being unmarried (AOR=0.28, 95% CI: 0.19-0.86), belonging to the western region (AOR=0.20, 95% CI: 0.63-0.66), having not visited a health facility (AOR=0.22, 95%CI: 0.10-0.48), and not having comprehensive HIV knowledge (AOR=0.68, 95%CI: 0.30-0.55) were negatively associated with HIV testing. A high proportion of pregnant women had tested for HIV. However, there is a need for improved access to HIV education and testing facilities to address regional imbalances. The need for consideration of occupation, family and household dynamics in HIV testing promotion strategies is also highlighted.Item Mosquito Bed Net Use and Associated Factors among Pregnant Women in Rwanda: a nationwide survey(BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, 2023-06-06) Kawuki, Joseph; Donkor, Elorm; Gatasi, Ghislaine; Nuwabaine, LilianIn malaria-endemic countries such as Rwanda, the appropriate use of mosquito bed nets is an effective intervention for malaria prevention. Despite being one of the demographics most impacted by malaria, there is a dearth of literature on the usage of mosquito bed nets by pregnant women in Rwanda. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors for mosquito bed net use among pregnant women in Rwanda. We used weighted data from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey of 870 pregnant women, and multistage stratified sampling was used to select participants. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the factors associated with mosquito bed net use, using SPSS (version 26). Of the 870 pregnant women, 57.9% (95%CI: 54.6–61.1) used mosquito bed nets. However, 16.7% did not use bed nets among those owning bed nets. On one hand, older age (AOR = 1.59, 95%CI: 1.04–2.44), primary education (AOR = 1.18, 95%CI: 1.07–2.23), being married (AOR = 2.17, 95%CI: 1.43–3.20), being from Kigali region (AOR = 1.97, 95%CI: 1.19–3.91), partner’s education (AOR = 1.22, 95%CI: 1.13–3.41), having recently visited a health facility (AOR = 2.07, 95%CI: 1.35–3.18), and being in the third pregnancy trimester (AOR = 2.14, 95%CI: 1.44–3.18) were positively associated with mosquito bed net use. On the other hand, low wealth index (AOR = 0.13, 95%CI: 0.07–0.24), and being from Eastern region (AOR = 0.42, 95% CI: 0.26–0.66) had a negative association. About half of the pregnant women in Rwanda used mosquito bed nets and the usage was associated with various socio-demographics. There is a need for appropriate risk communication and continuous sensitisation to improve mosquito net use among pregnant women. Early antenatal care attendance and partner engagement in malaria prevention and mosquito net use, as well as consideration of household dynamics, are also crucial in improving not only mosquito net coverage but also utilization.Item Prevalence and factors associated with teenage pregnancy in Sierra Leone: evidence from a nationally representative Demographic and Health Survey of 2019(BMC Public Health, 2023-03-20) Nuwabaine, Lilian; Sserwanja, Quraish; Kamara, Kassim; Musaba, Milton W.Globally, teenage pregnancy remains a public health concern because of the associated maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. To address the extensive social, political and economic effects of teenage pregnancy, there is need for current epidemiological evidence on its prevalence and associated factors, especially from low resource settings where the burden is highest.Item Prevalence and factors associated with utilisation of postnatal care in Sierra Leone: a 2019 national survey(BMC public health, 2022-01-14) Sserwanja, Quraish; Nuwabaine, Lilian; Kamara, Kassim; Musaba, Milton W.Within Sub-Saharan Africa, some countries still report unacceptably high rates of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality, despite improvements in the utilisation of maternity care services. Postnatal care (PNC) is one of the recommended packages in the continuum of maternity care aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal mortality. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with PNC utilisation in Sierra Leone.Item Prevalence of Risk Factors for Human Immunodeficiency Virus among Sexually active Women in Rwanda: a nationwide survey(BMC Public Health, 2023-11-10) Kawuki, Joseph; Nuwabaine, Lilian; Namulema, Angella; Asiimwe, John Baptist; Sserwanja, Quraish; Donkor,,ElormThe Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a global health burden, and despite the advancements in antiretroviral therapy and various strategies employed to curb HIV infections, the incidence of HIV remains disproportionately high among women. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of the risk factors for the acquisition of HIV among sexually active women in Rwanda. Secondary data from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic Health Survey, comprising 10,684 sexually active women, was used. Multistage stratified sampling was employed to select the study participants. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to determine the associated risk factors using the SPSS (version 25). Of the 10,684 sexually active women, 28.7% (95% confidence interval (CI): 27.5–29.4) had at least one risk factor for HIV acquisition. Having no education (AOR = 3.65, 95%CI: 2.16–6.16), being unmarried (AOR = 4.50, 95%CI: 2.47–8.21), being from female-headed households (AOR = 1.75, 95%CI: 1.42–2.15), not having health insurance (AOR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.09–1.65), no HIV test history (AOR = 1.44, 95%CI: 1.01–2.08), being from the poorest wealth quintile (AOR = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.14–2.27) and lack of exposure to mass media (AOR = 1.30, 95%CI: 1.07–1.58) were associated with higher odds of exposure to at least one HIV acquisition risk factor. In contrast, age groups of 25–34 (AOR = 0.56, 95%CI: 0.44–0.71) and 35–44 years (AOR = 0.62, 95%CI: 0.48–0.80), rural residence (AOR = 0.63, 95%CI: 0.49– 0.81) and being from the western region (AOR = 0.67, 95%CI: 0.48–0.94) were associated with less odds of exposure to at least one HIV acquisition risk factor. More than a quarter of sexually active women in Rwanda had exposure to at least one risk factor for HIV acquisition. There is a need to maximize the use of mass media in disseminating HIV prevention and behavioral change messages. Engagement of religious leaders and promotion of HIV testing, especially among the never-testers, may be vital strategies in successful HIV prevention programs.Item Quality of Newborn Care and Associated Factors: An analysis of the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey(PLOS Global Public Health, 2024-11-13) Asiimwe, John Baptist; Amwiine, Earnest; Namulema, Angella; Sserwanja, Quraish; Namatovu, Imelda; Nuwabaine, LilianKenya one of the African countries has pledged to reduce neonatal death as per the 2030 World Health Organization target. Providing high-quality newborn care is critical in minimizing neonatal mortality. This study aimed to determine the factors that influence the quality of newborn care in Kenya. Secondary data from 11,863 participants of the 2022 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) were analyzed. The participants were chosen using two-stage stratified sampling. The quality of newborn care was operationalized as receiving all components of newborn care after childbirth, as reported by the mother. Using SPSS (version 29), univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to analyse the data. In this study, 32.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 31.0%-34.5%) of the mothers reported that their newborns had received all components of quality neonatal care after childbirth. Mothers who spent an average of one hour accessing the health facilities compared with those who spent less than half an hour were 1.33 (95%CI: 1.01–1.75) times more likely to report that their newborns had received quality newborn care. Mothers who gave birth in a non-government organization health facility were 30.37 (95%CI: 2.69–343.20) times more likely to report that their newborns had received quality newborn care compared with those who delivered from a faith-based organization. On the contrary, in terms of regions, mothers who lived in Nyanza, Eastern, and Rift Valley provinces compared with those who lived in the coastal regions were 0.53 (95%CI: 0.34–0.82), 0.61 (95%CI: 0.39–0.94), and 0.62 (95%CI: 0.41–0.93) times less likely to report that their newborns had received quality newborn care, respectively. Mothers who subscribed to other religions or faith (0.28 (95%CI: 0.10–0.76) compared with those from the Christian faith, were less likely to report that their newborns had received quality newborn care. Finally, mothers who gave birth through cesarean section were 0.44 (95%CI: 0.32–0.61) times less likely to report that their newborns had received quality newborn care than mothers who gave birth through spontaneous vaginal delivery. The study indicates that about a third of the neonates received quality newborn care and that facility-related and parental social factors were associated with receiving quality newborn care. Stakeholders need to pay more attention to newborn babies whose mothers come from certain regions of Kenya where the quality of newborn care was found to be low, minority religious faith denominations, and those who delivered by ceasearen section. Stakeholders also should focus on strengthening collaborations with NGO health facilities and achieving universal health coverage to improve the quality of newborn care provided in health facilities.Item Sexual Violence and Associated Factors among Women of Reproductive Age in Rwanda: a 2020 Nationwide Cross-sectional Survey(Archives of public health, 2023-06-19) Nuwabaine, Lilian; Kawuki, Joseph; Amwiine, Earnest; Asiimwe, John Baptist; Sserwanja, Quraish; Atwijukiire, HumphreySexual violence against women is a global public health issue with both short- and long-term effects on the physical and mental health of women. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sexual violence and its associated factors among women of reproductive age in Rwanda. We used secondary data from the 2020 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey of 1,700 participants, who were selected using multistage stratified sampling. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted to explore factors associated with sexual violence using SPSS (version 25). Of the 1,700 women of reproductive age, 12.4% (95%CI: 11.0–14.1) had experienced sexual violence. Justified beating (AOR = 1.34, 95%CI: 1.16–1.65), not having health insurance (AOR = 1.46, 95%CI: 1.26–2.40), not being involved in healthcare decision-making (AOR = 1.64, 95%CI: 1.99–2.70), having a husband/partner with primary (AOR = 1.70, 95%CI: 5.47–6.21) or no education (AOR = 1.84, 95%CI: 1.21–3.37), as well as having a husband/partner who sometimes (AOR = 3.37, 95%CI: 1.56–7.30) or often (AOR = 12.87, 95%CI: 5.64–29.38) gets drunk were positively associated with sexual violence. However, women from male-headed households (AOR = 0.52, 95%CI: 0.29–0.92) were less likely to experience sexual violence. There is a need to demystify negative culturally-rooted beliefs favouring sexual violence, such as justified beating, as well as increase efforts to promote women’s empowerment and healthcare access. Moreover, engaging men in anti-sexual violence strategies is paramount to addressing male-related issues that expose women to sexual violence.Item The factors associated with caesarean section at a rural hospital in Southwestern Uganda: A cross-sectional study(Student’s Journal of Health Research Africa, 2023-06-30) Nuwabaine, Lilian; Amperiize , Mathius; Nakalega, Patience AnnetGlobally, the overall prevalence of caesarean section (CS) is estimated at 18.6%, with 27% in high-income countries and 6% in low- and middle-income countries. There is an increase in trends of CS in Uganda from 8.5% in 2012 to 11% in 2016. No studies have been carried out to account for the high rates of CS at Kisiizi Hospital in Uganda. This study determined the proportion and factors associated with CS delivery at a rural hospital in southwestern Uganda. This was a cross-sectional study of 321 immediate postnatal women in a rural hospital in southwestern Uganda. A structured questionnaire and data abstract forms were used to collect information on the proportion and factors associated with CS. Eligible participants were enrolled consecutively. Logistic regression analysis was done to identify the factors associated with CS taking into account potential confounders. This study recruited 321 women with a mean age of 25.8 ± 6.086 years, mean parity of 2.6 ±1.673 and mean antenatal care visits of 4.27 ± 1.197. The proportion of CS in this study was 38.3% (123/321). Of these, 110 (89.4%) were emergencies and 27(10.6%) were electives. Only 8.4% of the respondents were referrals. The commonest indications of CS were fetal distress (28.5%), history of previous CS (18.7%), and poor progress of labour (11.4%). No factors were significantly associated with CS in this study. There is a high proportion of CS at Kisiizi Hospital in Uganda and this is three times higher than the WHO-recommended CS rates. The majority of CS are emergencies due to fetal distress and poor progress of labour. There is a need for additional studies exploring the reasons for the much higher-than-expected CS rates.