Browsing by Author "Ntabadde, Kauthrah"
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Item Prevalence of anaemia and associated factors among people with pulmonary tuberculosis in Uganda(Epidemiology & Infection, 2022) Baruch Baluku, Joseph; Mayinja, Ernest; Mugabe, Pallen; Ntabadde, Kauthrah; Olum, Ronald; Bongomin, FelixAnaemia predicts delayed sputum conversion and mortality in tuberculosis (TB). We determined the prevalence and factors associated with anaemia among people with TB at the National Tuberculosis Treatment Centre in Uganda. People with bacteriologically confirmed TB were consecutively enrolled in a cross-sectional study between August 2017 and March 2018. Blood samples were tested for a full blood hemogram, HIV infection, and CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts. Anaemia was defined as a haemoglobin level of <13.0 grams per decilitre (g/dl) for males and <12.0 g/dl for females. Of 358 participants, 210 (58.7%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 53.4–63.8) had anaemia. Anaemia was associated with night sweats, a longer duration of fever, low body mass index (BMI), hyperthermia, high sputum bacillary loads, HIV co-infection, and low CD4 and CD8 counts at bivariate analysis. Factors associated with anaemia at multivariable analysis were low BMI (odds ratio (OR) 2.93, 95% CI 1.70–5.05, P < 0.001), low CD4:CD8 ratio (OR 2.54, 95% CI 1.07–6.04, P = 0.035) and microcytosis (OR 4.23, 95% CI 2.17–8.25, P < 0.001). Anaemia may be associated with the features of severe TB disease and should be considered in TB severity scores.Item Prevalence of Intestinal Helminth Coinfection in Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis in Uganda(Open Forum Infectious Diseases, 2022) Baluku, Joseph Baruch; Nakazibwe, Bridget; Wasswa, Amir; Naloka, Joshua; Ntambi, Samuel; Waiswa, Damalie; Okwir, Mark; Nabwana, Martin; Bongomin, Felix; Katuramu, Richard; Nuwagira, Edwin; Ntabadde, Kauthrah; Katongole, Paul; Senyimba, Catherine; Andia-Biraro, IreneAlthough a third of people with tuberculosis (TB) are estimated to be coinfected with helminths, the prevalence is largely unknown among people with drug-resistant TB (DR-TB). We determined the prevalence of helminth coinfection among people with DR-TB in Uganda. In a multicenter, cross-sectional study, eligible Ugandan adults with confirmed DR-TB were consecutively enrolled between July to December 2021 at 4 treatment centers. Sociodemographic data were collected using a questionnaire. Participants underwent anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and blood samples were evaluated for random blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, nonfasting lipid profile, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and a complete blood count. Fresh stool samples were evaluated for adult worms, eggs, and larvae using direct microscopy after Kato-Katz concentration techniques. Of 212 participants, 156 (73.6%) were male, 118 (55.7%) had HIV, and 3 (2.8%) had malaria coinfection. The prevalence of intestinal helminth coinfection was 4.7% (10/212) (95% confidence interval, 2.6%–8.6%). The frequency of helminth infections was Ancylostoma duodenale (n = 4), Schistosoma mansoni (n = 2), Enterobius vermicularis (n = 2), Ascaris lumbricoides (n = 1), and Trichuris trichiura (n = 1). The prevalence of helminth coinfection was low among people with DR-TB. More studies are needed to determine the clinical relevance of helminth/DR-TB coinfection.