Browsing by Author "Nassimbwa, Florence"

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    Effectiveness of HIV Linkage to HIV Positive Clients on Treatment in Hospitals in Uganda: The Case of Mengo and Mukono Hospitals HIV Departments
    (Health Science Journal, 2019-09-20) Kayiso, Mark Ivan; Nakirijja, Deborah Sarah; Nassimbwa, Florence
    The HIV situation remains a challenge with an expected 36.7 million people infected. In Uganda more than 1,300,000 to 1,600,000 people were living with HIV/AIDS in 2015 out of 44.27 million Ugandans (UNAIDS, 2017), enrolling 230 HIV new infections daily. Despite of the endeavors in HIV/AIDS testing, linkage and enrolment remains a major challenge, adding to a majority testing positive without linkage to care. With this background, the study focused on the analysis of current prevalence rate, opportunistic infections, deaths, and attitude of those tested positive towards enrolling for treatment. The study also examined issues of stigma, denial, distance, negligence, and ignorance. The objectives of the study were to assess the linkage time lag between the time of testing and the time of actual enrollment of clients that test HIV positive. It also aimed to check the reported linkages and actual enrollments and to examine the reasons as to why those linked for care don’t enroll for HIV care services. A total of 72 respondents including doctors, HIV positive clients and counselors were interviewed and secondary data from the hospitals was analyzed through a mixed methodology approach. The study showed a response rate of 87.3% analyzed by characteristics of gender, age, relationship and level of education. However, the study employed mostly qualitative techniques, though quantitative strategies were obtained. Data collection strategies included personal interviews and key informant interviews which were unstructured, and documentation. Findings show the median enrollment into care was 7 hours in females and 24 hours in Males at p-value <0.001 level of significance. Furthermore the study shows that one hour increase in time lag to arrive at enrolment point was associated with 11% increased risk of non-enrolment (uRRs=1.11, 95%CI=1.0-1.2). Approximately there is a gap of 40% between total tests and enrollments from the two hospitals. Some of the reasons given were; stigma, denial, family issues, distance and health expenses. The study concluded that many clients, especially men (40%), are not enrolling for care after testing HIV positive. Clients are in denial in the initial stages of knowing they are HIV positive but are already enrolled for care much later. This implies that more priority should be at intensifying community-facility linkage and facility-facility linkage model to bridge the gap. In addition government should enlarge funding in the HIV section to enhance free treatment. Since research showed men are most affected, male involvement and partner notifications will help out in enhancing Men enrollment. With all these combined the linkage gap would be cubed
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    Existing Human factors Risks in Eastern Africa Aviation Operation: Focus on skill Risks and Aeromedical factors. A Cross-sectional Study
    (Student's Journal of Health Research Africa, 2022-09-30) Nassimbwa, Florence; Twesigye, Charles K.; Asio, Santa M.
    Aviation safety in the Africa region has continued to be a concern for the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) and the industry as a whole. ICAO’s 2012 accident statistics show that Africa had an accident rate of 5.3 per one million departures with 3% of the worldwide traffic distribution. A study set out to examine the existing human factors risks in the region’s aviation operation with a particular focus on skill and aeromedical risks exist in the Eastern African region.
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    Identity of Fusarium species associated with collar rot and wilt in passion fruit (Passiflora edulis )
    (Student's Journal of Health Research Africa, 2022-12-30) Nassimbwa, Florence; Matovu, Enock; Kiggundu, Andrew; Charles, Changa; Godfrey, Sseremba; Francis, Mumbanza; John, Adriko
    Despite the immense contribution of passion fruits to people’s livelihood on a global scale, the crop’s productivity remains low owing to fungal diseases causing up to 100% loss. Fungi are highly variable and the identity of species or variates responsible for recently devastating passion fruit wilt and collar rot diseases had not been characterized. This study was aimed at identifying pathogens causing wilt and collar rot symptoms in passion fruits. Fungi were isolated from diseased samples collected from three locations in Central Uganda to identify Fusarium spp associated with collar rot and wilting of passion fruit. This was established by differentiating mycelium pigmentation on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA), examining slides at X40 magnification under a light microscope for specific macro and microconidia, and amplification with specific Transcription Elongation Factor-1α, TEF 1α primers for identification of Fusarium spp. It was revealed that wilting was associated with a single species, out of 6 selected isolates from the suspected wilted plant, 3 were Fusarium spp associated with the disease in the field but only one of these isolates was proved to be a pathogenic type Fusarium oxysporium. Collar rot was associated with one pathogenic Fusarium spp out of the 6 selected isolates. The results indicate that collar rot and Fusarium wilt are each caused by specific strains of Fusarium pathogens.
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    In-Vitro Antifungal Potential of Dsrna Molecules On Fusarium Actin Related Protein 2/3, DNA Polymerase Delta Subunit and Adenylase Cyclase Essential Genes On Collar Rot And Wilt Pathogens Of Passionfruit
    (Student's Journal of Health Research Africa, 2023-06-29) Nassimbwa, Florence; Matovu, Enock; Kiggundu, Andrew; Changa, Charles; Mumbanza, Francis; Adriko, John
    In Uganda two fungal diseases have become economically important; Fusarium wilt which is caused by.Fusarium oxysporum. f.sp passiflorae (Fop) and collar rot caused by Fusarium solani (Fs). The aim of this study was to determine antifungal activity of synthetic dsRNA constructed to silence essential genes; Actin Related Protein 2/3 (D6), DNA Polymerase delta subunit (J6), and Adenylase cyclase (K6), in Fusarium from banana on Fusarium sp from passionfruit.
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    Participatory Approaches’ Operationalization on Scaling-Up Black Soldier Fly Larvae as An Alternative Protein Source for Livestock Feed
    (Student's Journal of Health Research Africa, 2023-06-29) Nansamba, Phionah; Nassimbwa, Florence
    Demand for proteins has increased beyond supply due to the duo competition between humans and animals. Flora and fauna are depleted for proteins used in livestock feeds, this has raised production costs. Current protein insecurity can be solved by the black soldier fly larvae technology that uses organic waste to produce nutritive biomass rich in proteins. However, the innovation has not scaled up among farmers even though participatory approaches have always been employed to scale up different agricultural innovations.