Browsing by Author "Namulema, Jackline"

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    Antimalarial Combination Therapies Increase Gastric Ulcers through an Imbalance of Basic Antioxidative-Oxidative Enzymes in Male Wistar Rats
    (BMC Research Notes, 2020) Kalange, Muhamudu; Nansunga, Miriam; Kasozi, Keneth Iceland; Kasolo, Josephine; Namulema, Jackline; Atusiimirwe, Jovile Kasande; Ayikobua, Emmanuel Tiyo
    Antimalarials are globally used against plasmodium infections, however, information on the safety of new antimalarial combination therapies on the gastric mucosa is scarce. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Artesunate-Amodiaquine and Artemether-Lumefantrine on ulcer induction. Malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH) and major histological changes in male Wistar rats following ulcer induction using Indomethacin were investigated. Gastric ulcers were in four groups; Group I was administered Artesunate, group II received Artesunate-Amodiaquine, group III received Artemether-Lumefantrine, and group IV was a positive control (normal saline). Group V was the negative control consisting of healthy rats.Antimalarial combination therapies were associated with a high gastric ulcer index than a single antimalarial agent, Artesunate. In addition, levels of MDA were significantly higher in the combination of therapies while levels of GSH were lower in comparison to Artesunate and the negative control. Microscopically, antimalarial combination therapies were associated with severe inflammation and tissue damage than Artesunate in the gastric mucosa showing that antimalarial combination therapies exert their toxic effects through oxidative stress mechanisms, and this leads to cellular damage. Findings in this study demonstrate a need to revisit information on the pharmacodynamics of major circulating antimalarial agents in developing countries.
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    Synergistic action of propolis with levodopa in the management of Parkinsonism in Drosophila melanogaster
    (Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine, 2020) Ayikobua, Emmanuel Tiyo; Kasolo, Josephine; Kasozi, Keneth Iceland; Eze, Ejike Daniel; Safiriyu, Abass; Ninsiima, Herbert Izo; Kiyimba, Kennedy; Namulema, Jackline; Jjesero, Edward; Ssempijja, Fred; Semuyaba, Ibrahim; Kimanje, Kyobe Ronald; Kalange, Muhamudu; Okpanachi, Alfred Omachonu; Nansunga, Miriam
    The Phosphatase and tensin-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1B9) mutant for Drosophila melanogaster is a key tool that has been used in assessing the pathology of Parkinsonism and its possible remedy. This research was targeted toward determining the effects of ethanolic extract of propolis, with levodopa therapy in the management of Parkinsonism. The PINK1B9 flies were divided into groups and fed with the different treatment doses of ethanoic extract of propolis. The treatment groups were subjected to 21 days of administration of propolis and the levodopa at different doses after which percentage climbing index, antioxidant activity and lifespan studies were done.Propolis alone improved motor activity, antioxidant and lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster than in PINK1 flies. Propolis in combination with levodopa significantly (P<0.05) improved physiological parameters at higher than lower concentrations in Parkinsonism Drosophila melanogaster demonstrating its importance in managing side effects associated with levodopa. Propolis is a novel candidate as an alternative and integrative medicinal option to use in the management of Parkinsonism in both animals and humans at higher concentrations.