Browsing by Author "Nabanoga, Gorettie"
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Item Aboveground Species Diversity and Carbon Stocks in Smallholder Coffee Agroforestry in the Highlands of Uganda(Springer, Cham, 2019) Namaalwa, Justine; Tumwebaze, Balaba Susan; Kigonya, Ritah; Nabanoga, GorettieTypes of agroforestry systems and their capacity to sequester carbon vary globally, and the extent of carbon sequestered greatly depends on environmental conditions and system management. This study aimed at investigating the species composition and determining the aboveground carbon stocks of coffee agroforests at low (1240–1320 m a.s.l.) and medium (1321–1504 m a.s.l.) elevations of Manafwa District in Uganda. For each elevation, the agroforest structures were described and the aboveground carbon (AGC) stocks estimated using allometric models for all measured shade and coffee trees. Two coffee varieties were cultivated with SL-14 extending up to 40 years, while LWIL-11, a more recently introduced variety, extended up to 7 years only. Therefore, the estimated AGC stocks were significantly greater for the SL-14 (0.250–2.317 tons ha−1) than LWIL-11 (1.044–2.099 tons ha−1) and were significantly higher at the medium versus the low elevation. The analysis for shade trees indicated no significant differences in the species diversity for the elevation sites, but with significant variations in mean DBH and thus AGC stocks. Farms at low elevation were characterized by smaller (2.037 ± 0.131 tCO2e ha−1) and significantly high (2.037 ± 0.131 tCO2e ha−1) mean AGC stocks per unit area for coffee and shade trees, respectively, as compared to the medium elevation farms. While the variation in the coffee trees within the elevation sites could be attributed to the uneven distribution within the age groups, the AGC stocks in the shade trees were attributed to the generally large sizes of the trees that dominated. Irrespective of the differences in elevation attributes, coffee agroforests can potentially provide carbon sinks and thus contribute to climate change mitigation.Item Are there Customary Rights to Plants? An Inquiry among the Baganda (Uganda), with Special Attention to Gender(World development, 2007) Howard, Patricia L.; Nabanoga, GorettieDebates around Common Property Resources and Intellectual Property Rights fail to consider traditional and indigenous rights regimes that regulate plant resource exploitation, establish bundles of powers and obligations for heterogeneous groups of users, and create differential entitlements to benefits that are related to social structures. Such rights regimes are important to maintaining biodiversity and to human welfare; failing to recognize them presents dangers. The case study investigates the gendered nature of informal rights to selected tree and plant species that are distinct from, but related to, customary rights to land and trees, and are embedded in cosmology and social norms.Item Gender differentiated vulnerability to climate change in Eastern Uganda(Climate and Development, 2019) Balikoowa, Kenneth; Nabanoga, Gorettie; Mwesigye Tumusiime, David; Mbogga, Michael S.Climate change literature is rife with the assertion that women are more vulnerable to climate change, which state is expected to reflect on female-headed households. However, this assertion has however not been empirically proven aside from the general poverty-gender linkages. This study used primary data collected in 2016 from 735 randomly selected households from four districts in Eastern Uganda to construct a gender vulnerability index to compare and explain the drivers of vulnerability between male and female-headed households. The results show that female-headed households were more vulnerable (GVI-IPCC = −0.134) than male-headed households (GVI-IPCC = −0.176). The results further show that disparity in adaptive capacity mediates vulnerability between male and female-headed households. This underscores the importance of proactive interventions rather than protectionist approaches to reducing vulnerability. The study has extended the analytical utility of the livelihood vulnerability index to create a gender vulnerability index for comparing contextual groups of households in Eastern Uganda.Item Gender stereotyping: Evidence from gender differentiated household vulnerability to climate change in Eastern Uganda(Cogent Environmental Science, 2018) Balikoowa, Kenneth; Nabanoga, Gorettie; Tumusiime, David. M.A narrative linking women and vulnerability has been overarching in vulnerability literature. However, this narrative has not been empirically proven aside from generalizations based on poverty-gender linkages. This study used primary data collected in 2016 from 735 randomly selected households in Eastern Uganda to construct a gender vulnerability index based on the livelihood vulnerability framework to determine the most vulnerable gender differentiated households. The results showed that single male-headed households were the most vulnerable to climate change, even worse than single female-headed households. Mixed gender households showed lowest vulnerability. Presence of a female spouse reduced the vulnerability of the traditionally “male headed” households. The results suggest that disparity in access to requisite resources mediates vulnerability among groups of households. It is concluded that the straight assumption that vulnerability is associated with female-headed households is misleading and could disenfranchise some male-headed households that are more vulnerable.Item Land Tenure Reform and Beyond: Ensuring Women’s Access to Assets(United States Agency for International Development (USAID), 2007) Doss, Cheryl; Meinzen-Dick, Ruth; Carter, Jeanette; Nabanoga, GorettieRecent land reforms in Africa demonstrate that legislation alone does not create property rights. While substantive and procedural reforms of the law are necessary, they are not sufficient to guarantee secure tenure. The formal legal system of a country interacts with customary systems and social norms in ways that can impact the security of property rights. Even where women have legal access to land and are aware of their legal rights, for example, they may choose not to claim that asset, preferring instead to conform to social norms that suggest that women are not property owners. In many cases too, it has been shown that conventional titling programs do not recognize the rights to land women had under customary systems, thus decreasing women’s tenure security.Item Local communities’ perceptions of climate variability in the Mt. Elgon region, eastern Uganda(Cogent Environmental Science, 2016) Bomuhangi, Allan; Nabanoga, Gorettie; Jumba Namaalwa, Justine; Gregory Jacobson, Michael; Abwoli, BananaIn order to develop climate adaptation strategies that address location and context-specific vulnerabilities, there is need to understand how communities perceive the variability in their climate as perception of climate variability is a critical component within which climate adaptation should operate. This paper examines communities’ perceptions about climate variability in relation to available meteorological data in the Mt. Elgon region. The study demonstrates that community perceptions of temperature and precipitation trends as indicators of climate variability are in agreement with meteorologically observed trends. It also reveals that local communities’ perceptions of climate variability may also provide more localized contexts of climate variability which be insufficiently captured by meteorological data in communities where capture of meteorological data is not fully developed.Item The Ongo Community Forest REDD+ pilot Project, Uganda: A socioeconomic baseline survey(International Institute for Environment and Development, 2012) Nabanoga, Gorettie; Namaalwa, Justine; Ssenyonjo, EdwardPoverty and sustainable development impacts of REDD architecture is a multi-country project led by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED, UK) and the University of Life Sciences (Aas, Norway). It started in July 2009 and will continue to December 2013. The project is funded by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad) as part of the Norwegian Government’s Climate and Forest Initiative. The partners in the project are Fundação Amazonas Sustentável (Brazil); Hamilton Resources and Consulting (Ghana); SNV (Viet Nam); Sokoine University of Agriculture, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (Tanzania); and Makerere University, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (Uganda). The project aims to increase understanding of how different options for REDD design and policy at international, national and sub-national level will affect achievement of greenhouse gas emission reduction and co-benefits of sustainable development and poverty reduction. As well as examining the internal distribution and allocation of REDD payments under different design option scenarios at both international and national level, the project will work with selected REDD pilot projects in each of the five countries to generate evidence and improve understanding on the poverty impacts of REDD pilot activities, the relative merits of different types of payment mechanisms and the transaction costs.Item Poverty and sustainable development impacts of REDD architecture; options for equity growth and the environment(International Institute for Environment and Development, 2010) Nabanoga, Gorettie; Namaalwa, Justine; Ssenyonjo, EdwardPoverty and sustainable development impacts of REDD architecture is a multi country project led by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED, UK) and the University of Life Sciences (Aas, Norway). It started in July 2009 and will continue to May 2013. The project is funded by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad) as part of the Norwegian Government’s Climate and Forest Initiative. The first phase of the project (July 2009 to May 2010) has been in partnership with Fundação Amazonas Sustentável (Brazil); Civic Response (Ghana); SNV (Viet Nam); Sokoine University of Agriculture, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (Tanzania); and Makerere University, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (Uganda). The project aims to increase understanding of how different options for REDD design and policy at international, national and sub-national level will affect achievement of greenhouse gas emission reduction and co-benefits of sustainable development and poverty reduction. As well as examining the internal distribution and allocation of REDD payments under different design option scenarios at both international and national level, the project will work with selected REDD pilot projects in each of the five countries to generate evidence and improve understanding on the poverty impacts of REDD pilot activities, the relative merits of different types of payment mechanisms and the transaction costs.Item Socio-economic conditions in REDD+ pilot areas A synthesis of five baseline surveys(International Institute for Environment and Development, 2012) Movik, Synne; Birikorang, Gene; Enright, Adrian; Kajembe, George; Lima, Luiza; Marostica, Suelen; Megid Pinto, Thais; Nabanoga, Gorettie; Nantongo, Maria; Namaalwa, Justine; Silayo, Dos Santos; Vatn, ArildPoverty and sustainable development impacts of REDD architecture is a multi-country project led by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED, UK) and the University of Life Sciences (Aas, Norway). It started in July 2009 and will continue to December 2013. The project is funded by the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad) as part of the Norwegian Government’s Climate and Forest Initiative. The partners in the project are Fundação Amazonas Sustentável (Brazil); Hamilton Resources and Consulting (Ghana); SNV (Viet Nam); Sokoine University of Agriculture, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (Tanzania); and Makerere University, Faculty of Forestry and Nature Conservation (Uganda). The project aims to increase understanding of how different options for REDD+ design and policy at international, national and sub-national level will affect achievement of greenhouse gas emission reduction and co-benefits of sustainable development and poverty reduction. As well as examining the internal distribution and allocation of REDD+ payments under different design option scenarios at both international and national level, the project will work with selected REDD+ pilot projects in each of the five countries to generate evidence and improve understanding on the poverty impacts of REDD+ pilot activities, the relative merits of different types of payment mechanisms and the transaction costs.