Browsing by Author "Mushomi, John"

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    Assessing willingness to pay for water during the COVID-19 crisis in Ugandan households
    (Social Sciences & Humanities Open, 2021) Sempewo, Jotham Ivan; Kisaakye, Peter; Mushomi, John; Tumutungire, Martin Dahlin; Ekyalimpa, Ronald
    With the emergence of COVID-19, improving hygiene through handwashing with water and detergent is a priority. This behavioural practice requires that households have access to reliable improved water. One measure that can provide an invaluable source of information to measure access to improved water supply is willingness to pay (WTP). However, little is known about WTP for water during a pandemic such as COVID-19. Data from a cross-sectional survey was used to assess potential household determinants of WTP for water during March-June 2020 in 1639 Ugandan households. The focus is on the period March-June 2020 when the government of Uganda implemented a countrywide total lockdown in a bid to curb the spread of the deadly virus. Results indicate that most households were not willing to pay for water during March-June 2020. Sex of the household head, region of residence, water source, number of times hands are washed and whether a household buys or pays for water were significant explanatory household determinants for WTP for water. The results provide a rich understanding of the household factors that determine WTP for water during a pandemic. This evidence is important in guiding government and water utilities in developing sustainable regulations and policy interventions particularly during emergencies. The findings suggest that increasing or maintaining water revenues will be a challenge in emergencies if no attention is placed to addressing the disparity in socio-economic attributes associated with households’ WTP.
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    Factors associated with modern contraceptive use among young and older women in Uganda; a comparative analysis
    (BMC public health, 2014) Asiimwe, John Bosco; Ndugga, Patricia; Mushomi, John; Manyenye Ntozi, James Patrick
    Much of the research literature about the use of family planning generalizes contraceptive use among all women, using age as a covariate. In Uganda, a country with divergent trends in modern family planning use, this study was set to explore whether or not the predictors of contraceptive use differ by age. This was assessed by using data from the 2011 Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS). Methods: We restricted the sample from each round to fecund, non-pregnant married women age 15–34 who were sexually active within one year prior to the survey, resulting in a sample of 2,814 women. We used logistic regression with age variable used as an interaction term to model the relationship between selected independent variables and the outcome variable (modern contraception use) for each group of women. Results: We found that the key factors associated with use of modern contraceptives varied among young and older married women age 15–24 and 25–34 respectively. Results showed that perception on distance to health facility, listening to radio and geographical differences exhibited significant variability in contraceptive use among the young and the older women. Other key factors that were important for both age groups in explaining contraceptive use were; desire to have children after two years and education level. Conclusions: Addressing contraceptive use among old and young women in Uganda requires concerted efforts that target such women to address the socio economic barriers that exist. There is need for increased access of family planning service to the population through strengthening the use of Village Health Teams (VHTs) whose service is currently limited in coverage (MoH, 2009). Given the variation in contraceptive use between the two age groups, our findings further suggest that there is need for variability in media targeting among the young and the older women categories for improved use of modern contraceptives, for instance using alternative media strategies to reach the young women. Family planning policies should also be tailored to address the specific needs of different age groups of women with varied geographical locations.
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    Factors associated with older persons’ physical health in rural Uganda
    (PloS one, 2019) Maniragaba, Fred; Nzabona, Abel; Asiimwe, John B.; Bizimungu, Emmanuel; Mushomi, John; Ntozi, James; Kwagala, Betty
    The proportion of older persons in developing countries is increasing with no clear evidence of improvement in physical health. The aim of this paper was to examine the factors associated with older persons’ physical health in rural Uganda. Methods This paper is based on a cross-sectional study of 912 older persons age 60 years and older across four major regions of Uganda. The study was conceptualized basing on World Health Organization quality of life BREF (WHOQOL-BREF). Analysis was done at three levels, that is, frequency distributions were generated to describe background characteristics of respondents and cross-tabulations were done to determine associations between dependent and each of the independent variables. Ordinal logistic regression was used to determine the predictors of physical health. Results The likelihood of good physical health is high among older persons (Ops) who controlled their household assets (OR = 3.64; CI = 1.81–7.30) or the household assets controlled by their spouses (OR = 4.44; CI = 1.91–10.32) relative to those whose household assets were controlled by their children. There is high likelihood of good physical health among those who engage in physical activities (OR = 2.28; CI = 1.52–3.43) compared to those who do not.
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    The Impact of COVID-19 on Households’ Water Use in Uganda
    (Water Supply, 2021) Sempewo, Jotham Ivan; Mushomi, John; Tumutungire, Martin Dahlin; Ekyalimpa, Ronald; Kisaakye, Peter
    The unprecedented outbreak of COVID-19 necessitated the promotion of better hygiene practices to curb the spread of the virus. Better hygiene requires that households have a stable supply of water. However, little is known about the predictors of changes in water use in emergency situations such as COVID-19 in Uganda. This study uses data from a cross-sectional survey to examine the changes in the quantities of water used by 1,639 Ugandan households due to COVID-19. This article also explores the factors that are associated with changes in water use. The month March 2020 is used in this study as a cut-off because this is the month in which the government implemented a lockdown to curb the spread of the virus. Results indicate that most households had an increase in the quantity of water used after March 2020 when compared with the period before March 2020. Household characteristics that were associated with a change in the quantity of water used were age, sex, education, main occupation of household head, household size and region of residence. The results can be used to inform the prediction and demand modelling of household water use for improved water interventions for equitable water supply during emergencies.
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    Socio-Demographic Factors Associated with Contra- ceptive Use among Young Women in Comparison with Older Women in Uganda
    (Research on Humanities and Social Sciences, 2014) Asiimwe, John Bosco; Ndugga, Patricia; Mushomi, John
    Much of the research literature about the use of family planning generalizes contraceptive use among all women, using age as a covariate. In Uganda, a country with divergent trends in modern family planning use among younger and older married women, we hypothesize that factors associated with contraceptive use operate in a fundamentally different way among married women in two age groups: 15-24 and 25-34. We tested this hypothesis using data from the Uganda Demographic and Health Survey (UDHS) in 2006 and 2011. We restricted the sample from each round to fecund, non-pregnant married women age 15-34 who were sexually active within one year prior to the survey, resulting in a sample of 2,802 women in 2006 and 2,814 women in 2011. In Uganda, as in most countries, the level of modern contraceptive use is much lower among younger married women compared with older women. We used logistic regression to model the relationship between selected independent variables and the outcome variable (current use of modern contraception) for each group of women in each year. We found that the key factors associated with current use of modern contraceptives among younger married women age 15-24 in both 2006 and 2011 were residence and desire for children, while among women age 25-34, the significant factors associated with contraceptive use in both rounds were education level, household wealth and desire for children. The findings suggest that increasing secondary education for women and improving the livelihood of the population overall is important. Family planning programs should be intensified to meet the needs of young married women in rural areas of the country.