NRU :: Browsing by Author "Mugumya, Firminus"

Browsing by Author "Mugumya, Firminus"

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Escaping Poverty and Becoming Poor in 36 Villages of Central and Western Uganda
(The Journal of Development Studies, 2006) Krishna, Anirudh; Lumonya, Daniel; Markiewicz, Milissa; Mugumya, Firminus; Kafuko, Agatha; Wegoye, Jonah
Twenty-four per cent of households in 36 village communities of Central and Western Uganda have escaped from poverty over the past 25 years, but another 15 per cent have simultaneously fallen into poverty. A roughly equal number of households escaped from poverty in the first period (ten to 25 years ago) as in the second period (the last ten years) examined here. However, almost twice as many households fell into poverty during the second period as in the first period. Progress in poverty reduction has slowed down as a result. Multiple causes are associated with descent into poverty and these causes vary significantly between villages in the two different regions. For nearly two-thirds of all households in both regions, however, ill health and health-related costs were a principal reason for descent into poverty. Escaping poverty is also associated with diverse causes, which vary across the two regions. Compared to increases in urban employment, however, land-related reasons have been more important for escaping poverty in both regions.
Experiences of Gender Based Violence among Refugee Populations in Uganda: Evidence from Four Refugee Camps
(Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review, 2018) Kwiringira, Japheth N.; Mugisha Mutabazi, Marion; Mugumya, Firminus; Kaweesi, Edward; Munube, Deogratias; Rujumba, Joseph
In refugee generating situations, flight conditions and actual refugee circumstances, Gender Based Violence take different forms like rape, female genital mutilation, physical, psychological and emotional abuse, defilement and bride kidnapping in the name of ‘early marriage’ and sexual harassment among others. These forms are heightened by the adverse conditions of lack of basic needs, unequal power relations, breakdown of institutions of social control and order, exposure to the dangers of group violence and low capacity of protection agencies both local and international, and the host governments. This study intended to detail refugee experiences of Gender Based Violence among refugees in Uganda as well as the associated factors. We conducted a qualitative study and used content-thematic approach analysis. While there was high GBV awareness; this did not translate into reduced susceptibility. Detection, prevention and response to GBV were curtailed by an intersectionality of unequal power relations, poverty, and a multiplicity of cultures that concealed the nature, extent and reality of GBV. Effective GBV prevention requires an array of interventions and ‘capacities’ especially access to basic needs for individuals and households. Our findings aver that, gender based violence is endemic in peripheral hard to reach, conflict and post-conflict settings than in more stable communities due to underreporting and concealment that are associated with numerous capacity challenges in access and utilisation of the available services. The extreme conditions that refugees go through during displacement, flight and resettlement tend to exacerbate and sustain GBV.
Exploring Youth Livelihood Challenges in Post-Conflict Northern Uganda
(ARJESS, 2020) Kitambo, Enos; Omona, Julius; Mugumya, Firminus
The persistence of youth challenges is a global concern, with unemployment biting the generation. In Uganda, the youth comprise the highest population (UBOS, 2014). The young ones are battling socio-economic challenges despite, natural resource availability, programmes from government, and NGOs. This study is questioning the continued misery of the youth in post conflict northern Uganda yet the country is endowed with natural resources and entrepreneurial interventions. The major objective of the study is to examine challenges facing youth and suggest best entrepreneurship measures to youth empowerment. The study employed explorative methods design to generate both qualitative data with a descriptive survey. The youth (18-30 years) as the primary respondents were randomly sampled. The findings portray that youth unemployment and poverty originated from the Lord’s Resistance Army (LRA) war which lasted for over 20 years and implanted dependence syndrome, laziness and negative attitudes towards agriculture and work. Limited entrepreneurial training, politicisation of livelihood programmes, inadequate capital and communal land, communication deficiencies were reported to be constraining factors to youth livelihood. The study therefore recommends youth entrepreneurship through intensive training, sensitisation, and parental inclusion in planning and implementation, access to market information and behavioural change for enhancing individual functioning.
Gender Dimensions, Food Security, and HIV and AIDS in Internally Displaced People’s (IDPs) Camps in Uganda: Implications for HIV-Responsive Policy and Programming
(Social Work and Social Administration, 2008) Bukuluki, Paul; Mugumya, Firminus; Neema, Stella; Awich Ochen, Eric
This study set out to investigate in specific terms how gender relations influence the interaction between food insecurity and HIV/AIDS in two armed conflict-affected districts, Gulu, in northern Uganda and Katakwi. The study largely embraced qualitative and ethnographic approaches of investigation supplemented by quantitative approaches. An exploratory and descriptive study design largely applying an ethnographic approach was employed. This facilitated the research team to gain a clear understanding of the local meanings and contextual issues that influence interactions between gender, food insecurity, and risky sexual behavior in situations of internal displacement. Quantitative variables were also generated from the ethnographic phase of the study. The ethnographic phase helped to clarify the key variables and indicators, such as the extent of food insecurity, risky sexual behavior, perceived and actual risk to HIV infection, that were followed up and measured using quantitative research instruments. Since the whole philosophy underlying this research is to improve policy and programming, the approach employed was a collaborative one that involved deliberate consultation with relevant government departments as well as local and international agencies involved in activities related to food security and HIV/AIDS in internally displaced peoples (IDPs) camps.
Intra-Household Differences in Health Seeking Behaviour for Orphans and Non-Orphans in an NGO-Supported and Non-Supported Subcounty of Luwero, Uganda
(African Health Sciences, 2009) Muhwezi, Wilson Winstons; Muhangi, Denis; Mugumya, Firminus
Comparing healthcare dynamics among orphans and non-orphans in an NGO supported and a non-supported subcounty so as to identify the level of equity.This was a cross-sectional unmatched case-control research. A sample of 98 orphans and 98 non-orphans in an NGO supported sub-county and a similar number in a control sub-county participated. For each child, a corresponding caregiver participated. Each respondent was interviewed. Analysis was comparative. Relationships between variables were ascertained using a X2.Fevers were the most common health problem. However, 14.3% of children reported an experience of diarrhoea in an NGO-supported sub-county as opposed to 85.7% in the control sub-county (p = 0.014). Twenty percent of children in the NGO supported sub-county reported skin infections compared to 80% in the control sub-county [p= 0.008]. When orphans fell sick, more caregivers in the supported sub-county consulted village clinics compared to self herbal-medication (p = 0.009). Majority of orphan caregivers compared to those for non-orphans in the control sub-county took their children to village clinics as opposed to health centres (p = 0.002). In the control sub-county, fewer caregivers responded to children’s illness by buying medicines from drug-shops as opposed to taking them to village clinics [(p = 0.040).There were some differences between orphans and non-orphans within each sub-county and between orphans in the two sub-counties. NGO support is critical in cultivating equity, compassion and non-discrimination. The extended family system in Africa was managing orphan care although it displayed cracks in support systems.
Leveraging community capacity to manage improved point-water facilities
(2015) Mugumya, Firminus; Munck, Ronaldo; Asingwire, Narathius
Community-based water management systems (CBWMSs) are now a popular policy strategy for sustainable rural safe water supply in Africa. However, the effectiveness of the model is marred by numerous bottlenecks of varying character and scale. This chapter, which is based on a case study of a rural parish in south-central Uganda, examines some of these bottlenecks. The study indicates that whereas CBWMSs are well known among water-sector actors as desirable for achieving functional sustainability of improved water facilities, conscious actions have not been taken to leverage the effectiveness of these water management systems. This failure is at the very heart of the weaknesses within the new policy frameworks which embrace principles of community participation, privatization, and public–private partnerships. The study advocates a public authority with renewed attention to local conditions that determine CBWMS effectiveness, especially in developing countries like Uganda
Ugandan households: A Study of parenting practices in three districts
(Child Abuse & Neglect, 2017) Boothby, Neil; Mugumya, Firminus; Ritterbusch, Amy E.; Wanican, Joyce; Ahabwe Bangirana, Clare; Pizatella, Adrienne D.; Busi, Sophie; Meyera, Sarah
Ugandan households play a central role in child care and protection, and household-level practices influence the ways in which children are protected from adversities. This study was designed to identify community perceptions of protective and harmful parenting practices in three districts in Uganda. It employed free-listing interviews to determine priorities and practices deemed to be important in providing care and protection to children. Findings suggest that parenting practices can be grouped into seven basic themes, which are: Investing in children’s future, Protection, Care, Enterprising, Relationship with neighbors, Intimate partner relationship, and Child Rearing. Investing in children’s future, including educating children, was cited most often as a hallmark of positive parenting; while failure to care for children was most often cited as a hallmark of negative parenting. Concrete behaviors, such as walking a daughter to school; sewing a son’s torn pants before going to church; and structuring study time at home were identified as concrete actions Ugandan parents undertake daily to promote their children’s well-being. Conversely, specific contextual aspects of neglect and abuse were identified as central components of negative parenting, including lack of investment in children’s education and not serving as a good role model. Building on community strengths is recommended as a principal means of enhancing household resilience and reducing childhood risk.
Window on the World of Violence Against Children Outside of Family Care in Uganda: Pushing the Limits of Child Participation in Research and Policy-Making through Youth-Driven Participatory Action Research (YPAR)
(2007) Ritterbusch, Amy E.; Boothby, Neil; Mugumya, Firminus; Meyer, Sarah; Wanican, Joyce; Bangirana, Clare; Nyende, Noah; Ampumuza, Doreen; Apota, John
From within the supportive environment of the AfriChild Center housed at Makerere University in Kampala, Uganda, our interdisciplinary, intergenerational and multicountry research team launched the qualitative violence against children (VAC) project as a means of opening a window on children’s worlds of violence and resilience, inside and outside of households, in order to catalyze child-focused policy making and community-driven transformations in society. Within households, our research team focused on parents and other adults in the community as catalysts of change through positive parenting practices (see Boothby et al., 2017). In contexts outside of households and family care, our research team focused on children as the catalysts of change through their participation in the research and dissemination process. In this paper, we place children living outside of family care at the center of the stories we will tell and at the center of our methodological reflections surrounding child-focused research and policymaking.

Browsing by Author "Mugumya, Firminus"

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