Browsing by Author "Mipando, Linda"
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Item Considerations in Using US-Based Laboratory Toxicity Tables to Evaluate Laboratory Toxicities Among Healthy Malawian and Ugandan Infants(Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes, 1999) Lubega, Irene R.; Fowler, Mary Glenn; Musoke, Philippa; Elbireer, Ali; Bagenda, Danstan; Kafulafula, George; Ko, Jeanne; Mipando, Linda; Mubiru, Mike; Kumwenda, Newton; Taha, Taha; Jackson, J. Brooks; Guay, LauraObjectives—To determine normal hematologic and selected blood chemistry values among healthy, full-term, non–HIV-exposed infants in Uganda and Malawi, and to determine the proportion of healthy babies with an apparent laboratory toxicity based on Division of AIDS oxicity tables. Design—This was a cross-sectional laboratory study of infants from birth to 6 months of age. Methods—Blood samples were collected from a total of 561 infants and analyzed according to age categories similar to those in the 2004 Division of AIDS toxicity tables. Select chemistry and hematology parameters were determined and values compared with those in the toxicity tables. Results—In the first 56 days of life, there were few graded toxicities except for neutropenia in 2 of 10 (20%) Ugandan and 13 of 45 (29%) Malawian infants at birth. After 7 days, about 20% of the infants in Uganda and Malawi would have been classified as having a neutropenia whereas 47% and 53% of those more than 2 months of age in Uganda and Malawi respectively, would have been reported as having an abnormal hemoglobin. Chemistry findings were not different from US norms. Conclusions—These findings underscore the importance of establishing relevant local laboratory norms for infants.Item Distribution of haematological and chemical pathology values among infants in Malawi and Uganda(Paediatrics and international child health, 2012) Kumwenda, Newton I.; Khonje, Tiwonge; Mipando, Linda; Nkanaunena, Kondwani; Katundu, Pauline; Lubega, Irene; Bolton, Steve; Bagenda, Danstan; Mubiru, Michael; Glenn Fowler, Mary; Taha, Taha E.; Ali, ElbireerData on paediatric reference laboratory values are limited for sub-Saharan Africa. Objective: To describe the distribution of haematological and chemical pathology values among healthy infants from Malawi and Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthy infants, 0–6 months old, born to HIVuninfected mothers recruited from two settings in Blantyre, Malawi and Kampala, Uganda. Chemical pathology and haematology parameters were determined using standard methods on blood samples. Descriptive analyses by age-group were performed based on 2004 Division of AIDS Toxicity Table age categories. Mean values and interquartile ranges were compared by site and age-group. Results: A total of 541 infants were included altogether, 294 from Malawi and 247 from Uganda. Overall, the mean laboratory values were comparable between the two sites. Mean alkaline phosphatase levels were lower among infants aged (21 days while aspartate aminotransferase, creatinine, total bilirubin and gamma-glutamyl transferase were higher in those aged 0–7 days than in older infants. Mean haematocrit, haemoglobin and neutrophil counts were higher in the younger age-groups (,35 days) and overall were lower than US norms. Red and white blood cell counts tended to decrease after birth but increased after y2 months of age. Mean basophil counts were higher in Malawi than in Uganda in infants aged 0–1 and 2– 7 days; mean counts for eosinophils (for age groups 8–21 or older) and platelets (for all age groups) were higher in Ugandan than in Malawian infants. Absolute lymphocyte counts increased with infant age. Conclusion: The chemical pathology and haematological values in healthy infants born to HIV-uninfected mothers were comparable in Malawi and Uganda and can serve as useful reference values in these settings.