Browsing by Author "Masereka, Robert"

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    Alobar Holoprosencephaly with Cebocephaly in a Neonate Born to an HIV-Positive Mother in Eastern Uganda
    (Case Reports in Otolaryngology, 2021) Sikakulya, Franck Katembo; Kiyaka, Sonye Magugu; Masereka, Robert; Ssebuufu, Robinson
    Holoprosencephaly (HPE) is a rare cerebrofacial abnormality resulting from the complete or partial failure of the diverticulation and cleavage of the primitive forebrain. It has an incidence at birth of 1:16000. Case Presentation. We report a case of a 2600 g newborn female delivered by an HIV-infected mother in whom an antenatal ultrasound scan at 34 weeks’ gestation reported features of fetal alobar holoprosencephaly. The neonate was born with cebocephaly, a monkey-like head, and did not survive for more than 30 minutes following delivery by caesarian section despite oxygen therapy. Conclusion. Alobar HPE with cebocephaly remains incompatible with life. In this resource-limited setting, the diagnosis was made clinically, and only an ultrasound scan was performed to confirm the diagnosis. Chromosomal analysis could have given more information.
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    Cecal Volvulus in an Adult Male: A Rare Cause of Intestinal Obstruction: A case report
    (International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, 2021) Sikakulya, Franck Katembo; Kiyaka, Sonye Magugu; Masereka, Robert; Onyai, Patrick; Okedi, Xaviour Francis; Anyama, Philip
    Cecal volvulus is uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction. It affects the ascending colon and the terminal part of the ileum which are twisted around the mesenteric pedicle. We report the case of 37-year-old male who underwent emergency laparotomy for intestinal obstruction and found a twisted cecum with ileal knotting and anterior part of cecum necrosed. Resection of cecum and terminal ilium followed by end-to-end anastomosis of ileum to ascending colon were performed. Cecal volvulus remains an uncommon cause of intestinal obstruction with a surgical incidence of 2.8–7.1 cases per year per 1 million people. Delay in diagnosis can lead to complications such as necrosis and perforation of the cecum. We present a rare case of cecal volvulus in a 37-year-old male with necrosed part of the cecum without perforation. Early diagnosis and management can prevent perforation and reduce morbidity related to the cecal perforation.
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    Diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration cytology in patients undergoing thyroidectomy in Uganda: tertiary hospital experience.
    (African health sciences, 2016) Masereka, Robert; Okeny, Paul K.; Fualal, Jane .O.; Wamala, Dan
    Thyroid disease affects about 5% of the World’s population. Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) helps in planning extent of surgery. In some studies, FNAC has been found to have a low accuracy for malignancy. To estimate the sensitivity and specificity of FNAC in detecting malignancy for thyroid disease using histopathology as the gold standard. Patients who underwent clinical and laboratory evaluation and thyroidectomy at Mulago National Referral hospital and the Pathology department of Makerere University College of Health Sciences were consecutively recruited over a four months period. Analysis using STATA version 10 focused on sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of FNAC in detecting malignancy. In total, 99 patients were recruited, the F:M ratio was 15.5:1 and median age was 42 years (IQR 34-50). The median duration of symptoms was 364 weeks (IQR 104-986). The proportion of patients with malignancy was 13.3% with papillary thyroid carcinoma being the most predominant type and colloid goiter was the most predominant benign thyroid disease. The sensitivity was 61.5% and specificity 89.5% . This study revealed high specificity and low sensitivity of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC) at detecting malignancy in thyroid nodules
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    Endometriosis Arising in a Cesarean Section Scar: A case report
    (International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, 2022) Masereka, Robert; Kiyaka, Sonye Magugu; Sikakulya, Franck Katembo
    Scar endometriosis is an uncommon variant of extra pelvic endometriosis, which develops at the scar site of previous abdominopelvic surgery and is seen in women during their reproductive period.
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    Incidental Discovery of Amyand's Hernia in an Adult Female: A case report
    (International Journal of Surgery Case Reports, 2021) Sikakulya, Franck Katembo; Kiyaka, Sonye Magugu; Masereka, Robert; Onyai, Patrick; Anyama, Philip
    Amyand's hernia is a rare type of inguinal hernia with an incidence of about 0.1% of all inguinal hernias with most in occurring in childhood. It is characterized by the presence of the vermiform appendix within the hernia sac.
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    Sigmoid Volvulus in an Adolescent Female: A case report
    (International journal of surgery case reports, 2021) Kiyaka, Sonye Magugu; Sikakulya, Franck Katembo; Masereka, Robert; Okedi, Xaviour Francis; Anyama, Philip
    Sigmoid volvulus is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction in children and adolescent population. It's considered a disease of the elderly with a widely varying incidence worldwide. It is more common in areas referred to as “volvulus belt” (Middle East, Africa, the Indian subcontinent, Turkey, and South America).