Browsing by Author "Lamaro, Gloria Peace"

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    Acclimatization and performance evaluations of sweetpotato (Ipomoea batatas L. Lam) on yield and yield components in different agro-ecologies of Northern Ethiopia
    (Journal of Dryland Agriculture, 2020) Lamaro, Gloria Peace
    The study is aimed at evaluating the genotype by environment interactions (GEI) on acclimatization of sweetpotato genotypes to the farmers’ field conditions. A field evaluation was done on six sweetpotato genotypes planted in RCBD, three replications in three different agro-ecologies. These genotypes were previously (2012, 2014) tested for yield performance in the same environment. Data collected were subjected to ANOVA. Genetic merit and GEI for total storage root tuber yield (TSRTY) was tested using BLUPs and GGE biplot, respectively. Clustering of genotypes was done using Ward’s linkage method in the Squared Euclidean distance. Breeding significance and distance among clusters was determined using Mahalanobis’s distance. Environment played significant (P<0.01) role in determining the genotypes’ maturity days; and genotypes in lowland matured earlier than those on higher altitudes. TSRTY ranged from 7.5 to 59.5 t/ha, and total fresh biomass (TFB) 21.6 to 36.0 t/ha. Genotypes with high harvest index produced high TSRTY, TFB and NNPP hence well acclimatized. GEI was responsible for the genotypes acclimatization in the studied agro-ecologies; Tulla and Kulfo demonstrated wide acclimatization while Berkume was specific. Cluster II with very high dry matter content may be explored for crossbreeding cluster I and III to produce OFSP transgressive segregants for Ethiopia.
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    Essential Mineral Elements and Potentially Toxic Elements in Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Cultivated in Northern Ethiopia
    (Biology, 2023) Lamaro, Gloria Peace; Tsehaye, Yemane; Atkilt, Girma; Andrea, Vannini; Riccardo, Fedeli; Stefano, Loppi
    This study investigated the influence of the agro-climatic environment of Northern Ethiopia on the content of essential mineral elements of selected orange-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes, the potential contribution of each genotype’s essential mineral elements to the recommended dietary allowance, and the potential risk to human health from the accumulation of potentially toxic elements in the tuberous roots of the studied genotypes. The results showed consistent interspecific variations in the content of essential mineral elements among the studied orange-fleshed sweetpotato genotypes, as well as important intraspecific differences, which could depend on the variations in soil mineral and organic matter content, rainfall, temperature, as well as interactions between genotype and environment. The investigated genotypes, especially Kulfo, Ininda, Gloria, and Amelia, can provide an amount of several essential mineral elements high enough to meet 100% of the recommended dietary allowance for all age groups ≤8 years. The mean content of potentially toxic elements in tuberous roots and their daily intake values were within the recommended permissible levels; likewise, no health risk was associated with the consumption of these genotypes for Cr, As, and Pb. However, Al, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Ni is > 1, consumption imposes health risks based on daily accumulation.
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    Evaluation of Yield and Nutraceutical Traits of Orange-Fleshed Sweet Potato Storage Roots in Two Agro-Climatic Zones of Northern Ethiopia
    (Plants, 2023) Lamaro, Gloria Peace; Yemane, Tsehaye; Atkilt, Girma; Andrea, Vannini; Riccardo, Fedeli; Stefano, Loppi
    This study evaluated the genotype by environment interactions in the yield and nutraceutical traits of the orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) storage root in different agro-climatic zones of northern Ethiopia. Five OFSP genotypes were cultivated at three different locations following a randomized complete block design, and the yield, dry matter, beta-carotene, flavonoids, polyphenols, soluble sugars, starch, soluble proteins, and free radical scavenging activity were measured in the storage root. The results showed consistent variations in the nutritional traits of the OFSP storage root depending on both the genotype and the location, as well as on their interaction. Ininda, Gloria, and Amelia were the genotypes that provided the higher yield and dry matter, as well as the higher content of starch and beta-carotene; they also showed a high antioxidant power. These findings suggest that the studied genotypes have the potential to alleviate vitamin A deficiency. This study demonstrated a high possibility of sweet potato production for storage root yield in arid agro-climate regions with limited production inputs. Moreover, the results suggest that it is possible to enhance the yield, dry matter content, beta-carotene, starch, and polyphenols of the OFSP storage root through genotype selection.
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    Orange-fleshed sweet potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam] genotype by environment interaction for yield and yield components and SPVD resistance under arid and semi-arid climate of northern Ethiopia
    (Ethiopian Journal of Science and Technology, 2022) Lamaro, Gloria Peace; Tsehaye, Yemane; Atkilt, Girma
    Worldwide, sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) ranks the sixth most important crop valued for food security, income, and nutritious diet for poor farming communities. Despite its importance, there is lack of information and knowledge to introduce the crop to Afar region where malnourishment is high. Six orange-fleshed sweet potato genotypes (Amelia, Erica, Gloria, Ininda, Kulfo, and Melinda were evaluated for sweet potato viral disease (SPVD), yield and yield components in three contrasting locations, namely Aba’ala, Mekelle 1, and Mekelle 2 using a Randomized Complete Block Design to produce variance components. Joint regression, and additive main effects and multiplicative interactions were used to test the Genotype × Location Interactions (GEI). Means for significant traits were separated by Least Significant Difference (p<0.05). Results showed ample genetic variability for total tuberous yield (TTY), and SPVD resistance. Genotypes Ininda, Gloria, Amelia, and Kulfo were superior for TTY with high SPVD resistance. Aba’ala was a hotspot for SPVD, Mekelle 2 was with low SPVD and recorded a high mean TTY. Amelia and Kulfo exhibited static stability, Ininda and Gloria displayed dynamic stability, high harvest index, and fresh vine yield, and were recommended for further stability investigations. The information generated in this study may be useful as preliminary data however, the experiment has to be repeated for practical conclusions and recommendation of stable varieties for the studied agro-climatic zones.
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    The impact of future climate on orange-fleshed sweet potato production in arid areas of Northern Ethiopia. A case study in Afar region
    (Heliyon, 2023) Lamaro, Gloria Peace; Yemane, Tsehaye; Atkilt, Girma; Rubangakene, Damasco
    Sweet potato is in its introductory phase as a food-based approach to alleviate malnutrition in the Afar region, where, due to climate change, agricultural drought impedes crop production. This study assesses the impact of climate change on orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) fresh storage root yield production over the Afar region using the Aqua Crop model. This model was fed with daily rainfall and minimum and maximum temperature datasets, for the baseline climate (1980–2009) as well as future (2010–2099) climate projections under two representative concentration pathways: RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5. These datasets were statistically downscaled from twenty (20) general circulation models that are used in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5). The impact of climate change on sweet potatoes was assessed by comparing the change in average sweet potato yields in the baseline climate condition against the average of simulated sweet potato yields in the Near-term (NT) (2010–2039), Mid-term (MT) (2040–2069), and End-term (ET) (2070–2099) under RCP 8.5 and RCP 4.5. Simulation shows increased future storage root yield production for NT (3.23%), MT (3.90%), and ET (7.25%) under RCP 4.5 and MT (5.88%) and NT (6.71%) from the observed yield data (32.0 t/ha) except for Near-term (−9.59%) under RCP 8.5. Similarly, projected climate shows increase in temperature Tmax (0.93–4.10 °C), Tmin (0.88–4.54 °C) and precipitation (28.9–37.8%) under both RCPs which will favor sweet potato yield production increase in near-term, mid-term reaching climax in end-term. Simulation with planting dates shows that normal planting date (July 01), gives better yields than early (April 22) or late planting (01 August). This finding may perhaps be used as preliminary data in adoption and upscaling of orange-fleshed sweet potato in Afar region.