Browsing by Author "Delorey, Mark J."

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    Efficacy of Indoor Residual Spraying Using Lambda-Cyhalothrin for Controlling Nontarget Vector Fleas (Siphonaptera) on Commensal Rats in a Plague Endemic Region of Northwestern Uganda
    (Journal of medical entomology, 2014) Borchert, Jeff N.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Atiku, Linda A.; Delorey, Mark J.; Mpanga, Joseph T.; Babi, Nackson; Gage, Kenneth L.; Enscore, Russell E.
    Over the past two decades, the majority ofhumanplague cases have been reported from areas in Africa, including Uganda. In an effort to develop affordable plague control methods within an integrated vector control framework, we evaluated the efÞcacy of indoor residual spraying (IRS) techniques commonly used for mosquito control for controlling ßeas on hut-dwelling commensal rodents in a plague-endemic region of Uganda. We evaluated both the standard IRS spraying (walls and ceiling) and a modiÞed IRS technique that included insecticide application on not only on walls and ceiling but also a portion of the ßoor of each treated hut. Our study demonstrated that both the standard and modiÞed IRS applications were effective at signiÞcantly reducing the ßea burden and ßea infestation of commensal rodents for up to 100 d after application, suggesting that IRS could potentially provide simultaneous control of mosquito and ßeaborne diseases.
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    Use of Insecticide Delivery Tubes for Controlling Rodent-Associated Fleas in a Plague Endemic Region of West Nile, Uganda
    (Journal of medical entomology, 2014) Boegler, Karen A.; Atiku, Linda A.; Tendo Mpanga, Joseph; Clark, Rebecca J.; Delorey, Mark J.; Gage, Kenneth L.; Eisen, Rebecca J.
    Plague is a primarily flea-borne rodent-associated zoonosis that is often fatal in humans. Our study focused on the plague-endemic West Nile region of Uganda where affordable means for the prevention of human plague are currently lacking. Traditional hut construction and food storage practices hinder rodent exclusion efforts, and emphasize the need for an inexpensive but effective host-targeted approach for controlling fleas within the domestic environment. Here we demonstrate the ability of an insecticide delivery tube that is made from inexpensive locally available materials to reduce fleas on domestic rodents. Unbaited tubes were treated with either an insecticide alone (fipronil) or in conjunction with an insect growth regulator [(S)-methoprene], and placed along natural rodent runways within participant huts. Performance was similar for both treatments throughout the course of the study, and showed significant reductions in the proportion of infested rodents relative to controls for at least 100 d posttreatment.