Browsing by Author "Danjuma, Nuhu M."

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    Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol root extract of Andropogon gayanus Kunth (Poaceae) in rodents
    (African Journal of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2020) Zandam, Suleiman U.; Nazifi, Abdullahi B.; Odoma, Saidi; Zezi, Abdulkadir U.; Danjuma, Nuhu M.
    Andropogon gayanus is widely used in traditional medicine for various ailments such as postpartum pain, bronchitis and oedema. Objective: This study evaluated the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol root extract of A. gayanus in experimental rodents. Methods: Phytochemical screening tests and acute toxicity studies were carried out. Analgesic activity using acetic acid-induced writhing response and hot plate test in mice, formalin-induced pain and carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats were evaluated at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of the extract. Results: Oral median lethal dose was >5000 mg/kg in both mice and rats. The extract significantly (p<0.01) decreased the number of writhing movements at all tested doses. It also significantly (p<0.05) increased the mean reaction times. A significant (p<0.05) decrease in mean pain scores was also observed in both phases of the formalin test at 1000 mg/kg. The extract at 1000 mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) reduced the oedema at the 1st hour, while at the 5th hour, all doses tested significantly reduced the oedema. Conclusion: The methanol root extract of Andropogon gayanus possesses antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activitiesAndropogon gayanus is widely used in traditional medicine for various ailments such as postpartum pain, bronchitis and oedema. Objective: This study evaluated the anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol root extract of A. gayanus in experimental rodents. Methods: Phytochemical screening tests and acute toxicity studies were carried out. Analgesic activity using acetic acid-induced writhing response and hot plate test in mice, formalin-induced pain and carrageenan-induced paw oedema in rats were evaluated at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg of the extract. Results: Oral median lethal dose was >5000 mg/kg in both mice and rats. The extract significantly (p<0.01) decreased the number of writhing movements at all tested doses. It also significantly (p<0.05) increased the mean reaction times. A significant (p<0.05) decrease in mean pain scores was also observed in both phases of the formalin test at 1000 mg/kg. The extract at 1000 mg/kg significantly (p<0.05) reduced the oedema at the 1st hour, while at the 5th hour, all doses tested significantly reduced the oedema. Conclusion: The methanol root extract of Andropogon gayanus possesses antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities. Keywords:
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    Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities of the methanol extract of Chlorophytum alismifolium tubers
    (Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, 2021) Abubakar, Abdulhakim; Danjuma, Nuhu M.; Odoma, Saidi; Nazifi, Abdullahi B.
    The tubers of Chlorophytum alismifolium Baker (Family: Liliaceae) are used in Herbal Medicine for the management of various ailments including diabetes mellitus, erectile dysfunction, abdominal pains and inflammatory conditions. Despite its wide usage for management of pain and inflammation, there is no scientific justification to validate this claim. This study was aimed at screening the methanol tuber extract of Chlorophytum alismifolium for antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities using experimental animal models. The antinociceptive activity was tested using acetic acid-induced writhing response in Swiss albino mice and formalininduced pain in Wistar rats, while the anti-inflammatory activity was tested using carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats at doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg. The extract significantly (p< 0.001) reduced the number of writhes at all tested doses. At 800 mg/kg, it significantly (p< 0.01) inhibited the first phase of formalin-induced pain while the second phase was inhibited significantly (p< 0.05 and p< 0.01) at doses of 400 and 800 mg/kg respectively. The extract (400 and 800 mg/kg) significantly (p< 0.05) inhibited the carrageenan-induced inflammation at the third hour. A similar activity was also observed at the fourth hour with 61.61% inhibition of paw oedema at 400 mg/kg. These findings suggest that Chlorophytum alismifolium tuber extract possesses antinociceptive and antiinflammatory activities, thus support the claim for the ethnomedical use of the plant in the management of pain and inflammatory diseases.