Browsing by Author "Candiya Bongomin Okello, George"

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    Analyzing the relationship between institutional frameworks and financial inclusion in rural Uganda: A social network perspective
    (International Journal of Emerging Markets, 2018) Candiya Bongomin Okello, George; Munene, John C.; Mpeera Ntayi, Joseph; Malinga Akol, Charles
    The purpose of this paper is to report the findings on the mediating effect of social network in the relationship between institutional frameworks and financial inclusion in rural Uganda. Design/Methodology/Approach – The study adopts a cross-sectional research design to collect data used to test for mediation under this study. Structural equation model (SEM) through use of Bootstrap in AMOS (analysis of moment structures) was adopted to establish existence and type of mediation by social network in the relationship between institutional frameworks and financial inclusion. Results – Social network had a partial mediating effect through institutional frameworks on financial inclusion. In addition, institutional frameworks through its regulative, normative, and cultural-cognitive pillars also have a significant direct effect on financial inclusion. Besides, social networks had a significant effect on financial inclusion. This suggests that there exist both a direct effect of institutional frameworks on financial inclusion and an indirect effect of institutional frameworks through social network on financial inclusion. Research limitations/shortcomings – While the sample for this study was big enough, it limited itself to only poor households in rural Uganda. Besides, the current study adopted cross-sectional design, thus, leaving out longitudinal design to investigate the characteristics in our sample over time. Originality/Value – The study recommends that social network, which acts as a conduit through which useful information flow and can be shared, play a critical role in mediating in the relationship between institutional frameworks and financial inclusion in rural Uganda. Therefore, our study contributes to existing body of literature by highlighting the mediating influence of social network in the relationship between institutional frameworks and financial inclusion, especially in rural Uganda. Contribution – The study makes significant empirical contribution and implications to financial inclusion policy makers on evidence of the critical role played by social network in indirectly enhancing the relationship between institutional frameworks and financial inclusion of the poor who are vulnerable to exclusion by main stream financial services providers.
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    Determinants of SMMEs Survival in post-war communities in developing countries: testing the interaction effect of government support
    (World Journal of Entrepreneurship, Management and Sustainable Development, 2017) Candiya Bongomin Okello, George; Munene, John C.; Mpeera Ntayi, Joseph; Akol Malinga, Charles
    The main purpose of the study is to test the interaction effect of government support in the relationship between business skills, capital adequacy, access to finance, access to market, entrepreneurial education, and Small Medium and Micro-enterprises (SMMEs) survival in post-war communities in northern Uganda. Design/methodology/approach – cross sectional research design was used in the study and quantitative data were collected from 304 SMMEs located in Gulu District using a semi-structured questionnaire. Structural equation modelling (SEM) through use of Analysis of Moment Structures was adopted to establish the interaction effect of government support in the relationship between business skills, capital adequacy, access to finance, access to market, entrepreneurial education and SMMEs survival in post-war communities in northern Uganda. Further, Pearson’s correlation analysis was used to show the association between the variables under study. Findings – the results revealed that there is a significant interaction effect of government support in the relationship between business skills, capital adequacy, access to finance, access to market, entrepreneurial education and SMMEs survival in post-war communities in northern Uganda. Besides, the results indicated that business skills, capital adequacy, access to finance, access to market, entrepreneurial education, and government support have significant and positive impacts on SMMEs survival in post war communities in northern Uganda. Research limitations/implications – the study employed cross-sectional research design, thus, ignoring longitudinal study approach. Besides, the sample was selected from only Gulu District, therefore, leaving out other Districts located in northern Uganda. Practical implications – advocates of recovery programmes and interventions in developing countries should consider government support as a vital factor in promoting business skill, capital adequacy, access to finance, access to market, and entrepreneurial education in order to promote SMMEs survival in post-war communities. In addition, governments in developing countries should offer investment incentives and tax waivers to infant SMMEs in post-war communities like in northern Uganda. Originality/value – the study examined the interaction effect of government support in the relationship between business skills, capital adequacy, access to finance, access to market, entrepreneurial education and SMMEs survival in post-war communities in developing countries. Thus, to the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to test the interaction effect of government support in the relationship between business skills, capital adequacy, access to finance, access to market, entrepreneurial education and SMMEs survival in post-war communities in northern Uganda. The use of government support as a moderator in the relationship between business skills, capital adequacy, access to finance, access to market, entrepreneurial education and SMMEs survival is scarce in entrepreneurship literature and theory. This creates uniqueness in this study.