Browsing by Author "Barnighausen, Till"

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    Analysis of Attained Height and Diabetes Among 554,122 Adults Across 25 Low- and Middle Income Countries
    (2020-10) Teufel, Felix; Geldsetzer, Pascal; Manne-Goehler, Jennifer; Karlsson, Omar; Koncz, Viola; Deckert, Andreas; Theilmann, Michaela; Marcus, Maja-Emilia; Ebert, Cara; A. Seiglie, Jacqueline; Agoudavi, Kokou; Andall-Brereton, Glennis; Gathecha, Gladwell; Gurung, Mongal S; Guwatudde, David; Houehanou, Corine; Hwalla, Nahla; Kagaruki, Gibson B.; Karki, Khem B.; Labadarios, Demetre; Martins, Joao S; Msaidie, Mohamed; Norov, Bolormaa; Sibai, Abla M.; Sturua, Lela; Tsabedze, Lindiwe; Wesseh, Chea S.; Davies, Justine; Atun, Rifat; Vollmer, Sebastian; Subramanian, S.V.; Barnighausen, Till; Jaacks, Lindsay M.; Barnighausen, JTill; Jaacks, Lindsay M.; De Neve, Jan-Walter
    Objective: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rising rapidly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), but the factors driving this rapid increase are not well understood. Adult height, in particular shorter height, has been suggested to contribute to the pathophysiology and epidemiology of diabetes and may inform how adverse environmental conditions in early life affect diabetes risk. We therefore systematically analyzed the association of adult height and diabetes across LMICs, where such conditions are prominent. Research design and methods: We pooled individual-level data from nationally representative surveys in LMICs that included anthropometric measurements and diabetes biomarkers. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) for the relationship between attained adult height and diabetes using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models. We estimated ORs for the pooled sample, major world regions, and individual countries, in addition to stratifying all analyses by sex. We examined heterogeneity by individual-level characteristics. Results: Our sample included 554,122 individuals across 25 population-based surveys. Average height was 161.7 cm (95% CI 161.2-162.3), and the crude prevalence of diabetes was 7.5% (95% CI 6.9-8.2). We found no relationship between adult height and diabetes across LMICs globally or in most world regions. When stratifying our sample by country and sex, we found an inverse association between adult height and diabetes in 5% of analyses (2 out of 50). Results were robust to alternative model specifications. Conclusions: Adult height is not associated with diabetes across LMICs. Environmental factors in early life reflected in attained adult height likely differ from those predisposing individuals for diabetes.
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    Analysis of Attained Height and Diabetes Among 554,122 Adults Across 25 Low- and Middle Income Countries
    (Diabetes Care, 2020) Teufel, Felix; Geldsetzer, Pascal; Manne-Goehler, Jennifer; Karlsson, Omar; Koncz, Viola; Deckert, Andreas; Theilmann, Michaela; Marcus, Maja-Emilia; Ebert, Cara; Seiglie, Jacqueline A.; Agoudavi, Kokou; Andall-Brereton, Glennis; Gathecha, Gladwell; Gurung, Mongal S.; Guwatudde, David; Houehanou, Corine; Hwalla, Nahla; Kagaruki, Gibson B.; Karki, Khem B.; Labadarios, Demetre; Martins, Joao S.; Msaidie, Mohamed; Norov, Bolormaa; Sibai, Abla M.; Sturua, Lela; Tsabedze, Lindiwe; Wesseh, Chea S.; Davies, Justine; Atun, Rifat; Vollmer, Sebastian; Subramanian, S.V.; Barnighausen, Till; Jaacks, Lindsay M.; Neve, Jan-Walter De
    The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rising rapidly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), but the factors driving this rapid increase are notwell understood. Adult height, in particular shorter height, has been suggested to contribute to the pathophysiology and epidemiology of diabetes and may inform how adverse environmental conditions in early life affect diabetes risk. We therefore systematically analyzed the association of adult height and diabetes across LMICs, where such conditions are prominent. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We pooled individual-level data from nationally representative surveys in LMICs that included anthropometric measurements and diabetes biomarkers. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) for the relationship between attained adult height and diabetes using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models. We estimated ORs for the pooled sample,major world regions, and individual countries, in addition to stratifying all analyses by sex. We examined heterogeneity by individual-level characteristics. RESULTS Our sample included 554,122 individuals across 25 population-based surveys. Average height was 161.7 cm (95% CI 161.2–162.3), and the crude prevalence of diabetes was 7.5% (95% CI 6.9–8.2). We found no relationship between adult height and diabetes across LMICs globally or in most world regions. When stratifying our sample by country and sex, we found an inverse association between adult height and diabetes in 5% of analyses (2 out of 50). Results were robust to alternative model specifications. CONCLUSIONS Adult height is not associated with diabetes across LMICs. Environmental factors in early life reflected in attained adult height likely differ from those predisposing individuals for diabetes.
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    Design and field methods of the ARISE Network Adolescent Health Study
    (Tropical Medicine & International Health, 2020) Marie Darling, Anne; Assefa, Nega; Barnighausen, Till; Berhane, Yemane; Canavan, Chelsey R.; Guwatudde, David; Killewo, Japhet; Oduola, Ayoade; Sandod Wafaie W. Fawzi, Mary M.; Sie, Ali; Sudfeld, Christopher; Vuai, Said; Adanu, Richard
    The ARISE Network Adolescent Health Study is an exploratory, community-based survey of 8075 adolescents aged 10–19 in 9 communities in 7 countries: Burkina Faso, Eswatini, Ethiopia, Ghana, Nigeria, Tanzania and Uganda. Communities were selected opportunistically and existing population cohorts maintained by health and demographic surveillance systems (HDSSs). The study is intended to serve as a first round of data collection for African adolescent cohorts, with the overarching goal of generating community-based data on health-related behaviours and associated risk factors in adolescents, to identify disease burdens and health intervention opportunities. Household-based sampling frames were used in each community to randomly select eligible adolescents (aged 10– 19 years). Data were collected between July 2015 and December 2017. Consenting participants completed face-to-face interviews with trained research assistants using a standardised questionnaire, which covered physical activity, cigarette and tobacco use, substance and drug use, mental health, sexual behaviours and practices, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy, food security and food diversity, teeth cleaning and hand washing, feelings and friendship, school and home activities, physical attacks and injuries, health care, health status assessment and life satisfaction, as well as media and cell phone use and socio-demographic and economic background characteristics. Results from this multi-community study serve to identify major adolescent health risks and disease burdens, as well as opportunities for interventions and improvements through policy changes.