Browsing by Author "Aruho, C."

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    Differentiated Gonochorism in Nile Perch Lates Niloticus from Lake Victoria, Uganda
    (Uganda. African Journal of Aquatic Science, 2011) Basiita, R.K.; Aruho, C.; Kahwa, D.; Nyatia, E.; Bugenyi, F.W.; Rutaisire, J.
    Gonadal development and structure were examined in 317 Nile perch, Lates niloticus, of 4 to 157 cm SL taken from Lake Victoria, Uganda, in 2005–2006. Macroscopic and histological investigation showed a differentiated gonochoristic pattern, with no juvenile intersexuality. Oogonial cells (9.8 ± 3.0 μm) developed through six distinct stages: chromatin nucleolar oocyte (16.2 ± 3.3 μm), perinucleolar oocyte (33.8 ± 12.1 μm), late perinucleolar oocyte (74.8 ± 16.5 μm), cortical alveolar oocyte (122.6 ± 38.8 μm), secondary oocyte (260.9 ± 61.2 μm) and tertiary oocyte (475.5 ± 70.7 μm). L. niloticus was found to be an asynchronous spawner. The collection of female brood fish for induced spawning should aim at fish with an oocyte size of 475.5 ± 70.7 μm. Four main developmental stages were identified in the testis: spermatogonia (A and B), primary and secondary spermatocytes, spermatids and spermatozoa. Testicular structure conformed to the lobular and cystic type. Copious amounts of sperm were exuded from ripe males when slight pressure was applied on the belly. Milt could therefore be obtained by stripping.
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    Farming a New Economically viable Fish Species: Kisinja (Barbus altianalis)
    (Aquaculture Research and Development Center, National Fisheries Resources Research Institute, 2010) Aruho, C.; Ondhoro, C.C.
    Kisinja (Barbus altianalis)is an indigenous omnivorous fish, of high economic value in Uganda. It was widely distributed in most lakes and rivers in the country but its stocks were depleted due to overfishing and degradation of its natural habitat. 1t can grow up to a maximum length of 120m and a weight of 15kg in the wild and grows faster, attains larger size than commonly farmed fishes in Uganda, including the Nile tilapia, the African catfish, and mirror carp. Kisinja is a highly valuable table fish with good taste and aroma especially when smoked. Increased production of Kisinja is therefore necessary to meet economic and nutritional benefits of the communities and conservation of the spedes.
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    Morphometric Variation among Bagrus Docmak (Ssemutundu) of the Ugandan major Water Bodies
    (Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2014) Mwanja, M.T.; Aruho, C.; Namulawa, V.; Ddungu, R.; Ondhoro, C.; Basiita, R.K.
    Bagrus docmak, locally known as Ssemutundu, is one of the native catfishes of Uganda occurring in lakes Albert, Edward, Kyoga and Victoria; and rivers Kagera and the Victoria Nile. The species is a high value food fish that has been targeted for domestication, a process that requires definition of the different strains/taxa of the species. We investigated the morphological variations based on 22 morphological characters in an attempt to identify the different strains of B. docmak and define the species’ morphological phylogenetics in Uganda’s major water bodies. Morphometric data taken from 372 samples was analysed using multivariate methods in an attempt to establish the morphological phylogenetics relationships within and among the different geographical populations. A scatter diagram based on the two most significant components and a multidimensional scaling plot (MDS) based on Euclidean similarity measure clustered the B. docmak from Uganda’s major water bodies into two groups. One group exclusively contained the Victoria Nile individuals whereas the second group contained the rest of the samples. These two groups require further studying for they may require different management approaches and may have different potential aquaculture traits. The findings are discussed in such a way as to emphasise revival, domestication, culture and sustainable exploitation of the Ssemutundu fishery in the country.
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    An Overview of Domestication Potential of Barbus Altianalis (Boulenger, 1900) in Uganda
    (Aquaculture Reports, 2018) Aruho, C.; Walakira, J.K.; Rutaisire, J.
    Domestication of fish is a key strategy for diversification of farmed species to meet consumer’s choices and demands as well as conservation of the species for sustainable provision of nutrition benefits and incomes. Initial successful induced spawning of Barbus altianalis was achieved, but there is low adoption attributed to lack of sufficient quality seed. This paper reviews the ecological and social-economic trends, and potential prospects that justify the domestication of this high value indigenous species, and identify gaps that could be addressed to increase seed production for commercialization. Review findings show that due to overexploitation, there is a steady decline of B. altianalis in Ugandan water bodies, with no current record from Lake Victoria where catches had in the past been reported. B. altianalis shows ability to survive in interlacustrine-riverine environments although, the juveniles are largely confined in the river or stream water. Varying levels of adaptability and tolerance to environmental conditions including oxygen and temperature by different age groups occur. The species has a great potential for culture as an omnivorous species with high chances of adapting to varying feeding strategies. Knowledge gaps in size at maturity, appropriate inducing hormones, growth conditions, egg hatchability and larvae weaning were identified as key challenges associated with B. altianalis domestication. Understanding the underlying natural ecological dynamics of B. altianalis will guide further research in the areas mentioned to ensure advancement in domestication so as to meet the rising demand for B. altianalis. This will curtail its overexploitation in the wild and also improve the livelihoods of the communities in the region.