Browsing by Author "Ainembabazi, Provia"

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    Exposure to household air pollution from cooking fuel in Ugandan households and associated household factors: a retrospective analysis of demographic and health survey data
    (The Lancet Global Health, 2022-03-07) Abila, Derrick Bary; Nalunkuma, Racheal; Wasukira, Sulaiman Bugosera; Ainembabazi, Provia; Nakiyingi, Elizabeth Kiyingi; Lucero-Prisno III, Don Eliseo
    Household air pollution is mostly caused by cooking fuel. We describe the trend in household air pollution (HAP) caused by several types of cooking fuel used in Ugandan households from 2001 to 2016 and explore the household factors associated with it. We did a retrospective analysis of data from four Ugandan demographic and health surveys (UDHS) that were conducted from 2000–01 to 2016, with the household as the unit of analysis. We included all households that were in the UDHS dataset. We included variables that described the households, the type of cooking fuel, and where the food was cooked. A household was considered to have exposure to HAP if they used cooking fuels such as coal; charcoal; wood; straw, shrubs, or grass; crops; or animal dung. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the association between household characteristics and exposure to household air pollution (HAP) from the most recent UDHS of 2016. The DHS programme obtained relevant ethics approval within Uganda and informed consent was provided by the participants. In this study, 45 376 households were included and surveyed. In all the surveys, most households were in rural areas (from 74·3% to 85·1%) and had a male as a head of household (from 69·0% to 72·5%. Wood was the most used household cooking fuel (from 71·7% to 82·1%). Other cooking fuels used were charcoal (from 15·3% to 26·3%), kerosene (from 0·7% to 2·5%) and electricity (0·1% to 0·8%). Exposure to HAP remained high in all the surveys ranging from 96·7% to 99·8%. From the multivariate logistic regression analysis, households with a household head having attained either complete secondary education (adjusted odds ratio 0·13, 95% CI 0·03–0·58; p=0·008) or higher education (0·11, 0·03 – 0·48; p=0·003) were less likely to be exposed to HAP than households with a household head having no education.
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    A situation analysis of competences of research ethics committee members regarding review of research protocols with complex and emerging study designs in Uganda
    (BMC medical ethics, 2021) Ainembabazi, Provia; Castelnuovo, Barbara; Okoboi, Stephen; Arinaitwe, Walter Joseph; Parkes‑Ratanshi, Rosalind; Byakika‑Kibwika, Pauline
    Over the past two decades, Uganda has experienced a significant increase in clinical research driven by both academia and industry. This has been combined with a broader spectrum of research proposals, with respect to methodologies and types of intervention that need evaluation by Research Ethics Committees (RECs) with associated increased requirement for expertise. We assessed the competencies of REC members regarding review of research protocols with complex and emerging research study designs. The aim was to guide development of a training curriculum to improve the quality of scientific and ethical review. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study design, with quantitative data collection methods. Research Ethics Committee members completed a structured pre-coded questionnaire on current competence with complex and emerging study design. REC members were asked to outline a list of additional topics for which they needed training. Data from coded questions were entered into Epidata Version 3.1 and then exported to STATA Version14.1 for analysis. Descriptive analysis was performed and findings are presented using percentages and frequencies. Results: We enrolled 55 REC members from 6 RECs who have a total of 97 members. The majority of whom were males (56.4%, n = 31/55). The level of competence for review of selected study design was lowest for Controlled Human Infection Model (10.9%, n = 6) and reverse pharmacology design (10.9%, n = 6), and highest for cluster randomized study design (52.7%, n = 29) and implementation science research (52.7%, n = 29). Conclusion: Competence for review of research protocols with complex and emerging study design was low among participating REC members. We recommend prioritising training of REC members on complex and emerging study designs to enhance quality of research protocol review.