Browsing by Author "Adoke, Yeka"
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Item Factors associated with willingness to take up indoor residual spraying to prevent malaria in Tororo district, Uganda: a cross‑sectional study(Malaria Journal, 2018) Wadunde, Ignatius; Mpimbaza, Arthur; Musoke, David; Ssempebwa, John C.; Ediau, Michael; Tuhebwe, Doreen; Adoke, Yeka; Wanyenze, Rhoda K.take up IRS is critical to its success. The first phase of IRS was conducted in Tororo district, Uganda between December 2014 and January 2015. High coverage rates (90%) were attained in the district. However, Mulanda sub-county had the lowest coverage of 78%, in the first round. This study assessed willingness and associated factors of IRS uptake among household heads for the next IRS campaign in Mulanda sub-county, Tororo district. Methods: A household survey was conducted in all three parishes of Mulanda sub-county. A multistage sampling technique involving the village and household as the first and second sampling levels, respectively, was used to identify 640 households Household heads were interviewed using standard questionnaire. Seven key informants were also conducted to explore the impact of community IRS-perceptions on uptake. Bi-variable and multi-variable logistic regression analyses were used to identify factors associated with willingness to take up IRS. Qualitative data was analysed by thematic content analysis method. Results: Most (79.9%) respondents were willing to take up repeat IRS. However this was below the target of 85%. Fear of insecticide adverse effects (62%) was the most common reason mentioned by 134 (21%) household heads who were not willing to take up IRS. Factors associated with to take up IRS were; age ≥ 35 years (AOR 1.9; 95% CI 1.08–3.51), higher socio-economic status (AOR 0.4; 95% CI 0.27–0.98), not taking IRS in previous round (AOR 0.1; 95% CI 0.06–0.23), not knowing reason for conducting IRS (AOR 0.4; 95% CI 0.24–0.78) and having an iron sheet roof (AOR 2.2; 95% CI 1.03–4.73). Community and religious leaders were the preferred sources of IRS information.Item A randomized, double‑blind, phase 2b study to investigate the efficacy, safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of a single‑dose regimen of ferroquine with artefenomel in adults and children with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria(Malaria journal, 2021) Adoke, Yeka; Zoleko‑Manego, Rella; Ouoba, Serge; Tiono, Alfred B.; Kaguthi, Grace; Ogutu, Bernhards; Kibuuka, Afizi; Mugenya, Irène; Soulama, Issiaka; Tinto, HalidouFor uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, highly efficacious single-dose treatments are expected to increase compliance and improve treatment outcomes, and thereby may slow the development of resistance. The efficacy and safety of a single-dose combination of artefenomel (800 mg) plus ferroquine (400/600/900/1200 mg doses) for the treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria were evaluated in Africa (focusing on children ≤ 5 years) and Asia. Methods: The study was a randomized, double-blind, single-dose, multi-arm clinical trial in patients aged > 6 months to < 70 years, from six African countries and Vietnam. Patients were followed up for 63 days to assess treatment efficacy, safety and pharmacokinetics. The primary efficacy endpoint was the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-adjusted adequate clinical and parasitological response (ACPR) at Day 28 in the Per-Protocol [PP] Set comprising only African patients ≤ 5 years. The exposure–response relationship for PCR-adjusted ACPR at Day 28 and prevalence of kelch-13 mutations were explored. Results: A total of 373 patients were treated: 289 African patients ≤ 5 years (77.5%), 64 African patients > 5 years and 20 Asian patients. None of the treatment arms met the target efficacy criterion for PCR-adjusted ACPR at Day 28 (lower limit of 95% confidence interval [CI] > 90%). PCR-adjusted ACPR at Day 28 [95% CI] in the PP Set ranged from 78.4% [64.7; 88.7%] to 91.7% [81.6; 97.2%] for the 400 mg to 1200 mg ferroquine dose. Efficacy rates were low in Vietnamese patients, ranging from 20 to 40%. A clear relationship was found between drug exposure (artefenomel and ferroquine concentrations at Day 7) and efficacy (primary endpoint), with higher concentrations of both drugs resulting in higher efficacy. Six distinct kelch-13 mutations were detected in parasite isolates from 10/272 African patients (with 2 mutations known to be associated with artemisinin resistance) and 18/20 Asian patients (all C580Y mutation). Vomiting within 6 h of initial artefenomel administration was common (24.6%) and associated with lower drug exposures. Conclusion: The efficacy of artefenomel/ferroquine combination was suboptimal in African children aged ≤ 5 years, the population of interest, and vomiting most likely had a negative impact on efficacy. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02497612. Registered 14 Jul 2015, https:// clini caltr ials. gov/ ct2/ show/ NCT02 497612? term= NCT02 49761 2& draw= 2& rank=1