Waiswa Mwanja, Wilson2022-12-062022-12-062007Mwanja, W.W. 2007. Freshwater fish seed resources in Uganda, East Africa, pp. 461–476. In: M.G. Bondad-Reantaso (ed.). Assessment of freshwater fish seed resources for sustainable aquaculture. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 501. Rome, FAO. 2007. 628p.https://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/5955The aquaculture sector in Uganda has started to grow very rapidly during recent years with the commercialization approach taken by the government. Aquaculture is now seen not only as source of dietary protein but also as a means of generating income through improved productivity and managing aquaculture production as a business venture. This has attracted a new class of farmers.The issues of fish seed availability and quality have become a major challenge. This new trend has made the government to turn to private sector for improved supply of the required quality and to meet the needed quantity of fish seed. Fish seed propagation in Uganda was, until the late 1990s, a remit of the public sector. Currently there are nearly 50 private fish hatcheries ranging from small- to medium-scale with a few large commercial operation. The country’s projection for meeting the aquaculture and stock enhancement seed requirements is about 450 million fingerlings annually. The general plan is to meet this demand through privately-owned and operated fish hatcheries. Use of the private sector calls for trained manpower and exposure to appropriate technology. There is also urgent need to improve broodstock management skills and to initiate breeding programmes for improvement of the productivity of key aquaculture species. Although government has established some regulations under the “Fish (Aquaculture) Rules 2003” to regulate fish seed production and distribution, there is still a need for technical assistance to review and develop clear and implementable standards and guidelines for the private fish hatchery owners and operators in Uganda.enTechnical Report