Bateganya, MosesColfax, GrantShafer, Leigh AnneKityo, CissyMugyenyi, PeterSerwadda, DavidMayanja, HarrietBangsberg, David2022-01-242022-01-242005Bateganya, M., Colfax, G., Shafer, L. A., Kityo, C., Mugyenyi, P., Serwadda, D., ... & Bangsberg, D. (2005). Antiretroviral therapy and sexual behavior: a comparative study between antiretroviral-naive and-experienced patients at an urban HIV/AIDS care and research center in Kampala, Uganda. AIDS Patient Care & STDs, 19(11), 760-768.https://doi.org/10.1089/apc.2005.19.760https://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/1503We examined whether use of antiretroviral (ARV) therapy is associated with increased sexual risk behavior in a cross-sectional study of patients undergoing ARV therapy (ARV experienced) compared to patients not undergoing ARV therapy (ARV-naïve) attending an urban HIV clinic in Kampala, Uganda. Sexual behavior during the prior 6 months and sexually transmitted disease (STD) treatment was determined by face-to-face structured interviews. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify independent correlates of sexual activity, multiple sexual partners, inconsistent condom use, and STD treatment during the prior 6 months. Three hundred forty-seven (48%) of the 723 respondents reported a history of sexual intercourse in the 6 months prior to the interview (sexually active). Receipt of ARV therapy was not associated with a significantly higher likelihood of being sexually active (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.0 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.3–9.9). Among both ARV-experienced and ARV-naïve persons who were sexually active, 35% (120) reported one or more casual sexual partners in addition to a main partner (no difference by ARV status). Consistent condom use with spouse, regular, casual, and commercial partners was reported by 57%, 65%, 85%, and 85% of the sexually active respondents, respectively. The ARV-experienced respondents were more likely to report consistent condom use with their spouses than were ARV-naïve respondents (OR 2.8295% CI 1.74–4.6). ARV-experienced respondents were more likely than ARV-naïve respondents to have disclosed their HIV status to their spouses (OR 1.57 95% CI 1.07–2.30).The ARV-experienced group was more likely to report STD treatment in the prior 6 months (AOR 2.62 95% CI 1.83.83) than the ARV-naïve group. The findings suggest that in this population, use of ARV therapy was not associated with risky sexual behavior in the prior 6 months. Still, recall and social desirability biases remain important limitations in interpreting these conclusions.enArticle