Mpairwe, HarrietNamutebi, MillyNkurunungi, GyaviiraTumwesige, PiusNambuya, IreneMukasa, MikeOnen, CarolineNnaluwooza, MarbleApule, BarbaraKatongole, TonnyOduru, GloriaKahwa, JosephWebb, Emily LLubyayi, LawrencePearce, NeilElliott, Alison M2021-12-212021-12-212019Mpairwe, H., Namutebi, M., Nkurunungi, G., Tumwesige, P., Nambuya, I., Mukasa, M., ... & Elliott, A. M. (2019). Risk factors for asthma among schoolchildren who participated in a case-control study in urban Uganda. e49496. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49496https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49496https://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/875Data on asthma aetiology in Africa are scarce. We investigated the risk factors for asthma among schoolchildren (5–17 years) in urban Uganda. We conducted a case-control study, among 555 cases and 1115 controls. Asthma was diagnosed by study clinicians. The main risk factors for asthma were tertiary education for fathers (adjusted OR (95% CI); 2.32 (1.71–3.16)) and mothers (1.85 (1.38–2.48)); area of residence at birth, with children born in a small town or in the city having an increased asthma risk compared to schoolchildren born in rural areas (2.16 (1.60–2.92)) and (2.79 (1.79–4.35)), respectively; father’s and mother’s history of asthma; children’s own allergic conditions; atopy; and cooking on gas/electricity. In conclusion, asthma was associated with a strong rural-town-city risk gradient, higher parental socio-economic status and urbanicity. This work provides the basis for future studies to identify specific environmental/lifestyle factors responsible for increasing asthma risk among children in urban areas in LMICs.enasthmaschoolchildrenurban UgandaArticle