Kasali, Félicien M.Kadima, Justin N.Tusiimire, JonansAgaba, Amon G.2022-12-242022-12-242022Kasali, F. M., Kadima, J. N., Tusiimire, J., & Agaba, A. G. (2022). Hypoglycemic, Antihyperglycemic, and Toxic Effects of Physalis peruviana L. Aqueous and Methanolic Leaf Extracts in Wistar Rats. Journal of Experimental Pharmacology, 14, 185-193.https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Mushagalusa-Kasali-Felicien/publication/361139012_Hypoglycemic_Antihyperglycemic_and_Toxic_Effects_of_Physalis_peruviana_L_Aqueous_and_Methanolic_Leaf_Extracts_in_Wistar_Rats/links/629f9c2f416ec50bdb13c361/Hypoglycemic-Antihyperglycemic-and-Toxic-Effects-of-Physalis-peruviana-L-Aqueous-and-Methanolic-Leaf-Extracts-in-Wistar-Rats.pdfhttps://nru.uncst.go.ug/handle/123456789/6521Physalis peruviana L. (Solanaceae) is a plant widely used in traditional medicine systems to manage various diseases, including diabetes mellitus, which remains a global health problem in developing and developed countries. This study aimed to scientifically evaluate its antidiabetic bioactivity and short-term toxicity in rats. Methods: We prepared various doses (100, 200, 400 mg/kg) of aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts for the antidiabetic study, and a dose of 2000 mg/Kg was prepared for the acute toxicity test. The first group that evaluated the hypoglycemic effect consisted of forty normoglycemic Wistar rats aged 7–8 months old with a weighted average of 265.8 ± 24.6 g. The second group consisted of intraperitoneal glucose-loaded male animals to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect. The third group contained two groups of normoglycemic female rats (n = 3), aged 3 and 4 months old (weight average: 187.45 ± 14.82 g), treated for 14 days with aqueous and methanolic extracts (2 g/kg b.w) to assess mortality and toxic effects. Blood samples were taken at 30, 60, 90, and 120 min posttreatment in hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic evaluations. Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg) was used as a reference drug. The control animals in each group did not receive the extracts. Results: In hypoglycemic rats, 100 mg/kg of aqueous and methanolic extracts significantly lowered the fasting blood glucose level by 13.92% (p < 0.0001) and 21.95% (p < 0.01), respectively, compared to the control group. In glucose tolerance test group, methanolic extracts significantly reduced hyperglycemia by 54.55% (p < 0.0001), 46.50% (p < 0.0001), 39.78% (p < 0.0001) at 400, 200 and 100 mg/kg b.w, respectively, compared to control; aqueous extract 400 mg/kg reduced hyperglycemia by 39.44% (p < 0.05). At the 2000 mg/kg dose, leaf aqueous and methanolic extracts did not show any signs of intoxication and mortality. Conclusion: Crude aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of P. peruviana ambrosioides appeared safe at 2000 mg/kg and have bioactivity in controlling the blood glucose levels, supporting their use in treating diabetes.enPhysalis peruvianaleaf extractsantidiabetic bioactivitytoxicityratsArticle