Mbabazi, PhoebeHopkins, HeidiOsilo, EmmanuelKalungu, MichaelByakika-Kibwika, PaulineKamya, Moses R.2022-01-122022-01-122015Mbabazi, P., Hopkins, H., Osilo, E., Kalungu, M., Byakika-Kibwika, P., & Kamya, M. R. (2015). Accuracy of two malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTS) for initial diagnosis and treatment monitoring in a high transmission setting in Uganda. The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene, 92(3), 5. doi:10.4269/ajtmh.14-018030.10.4269/ajtmh.14-0180https://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/1198Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) may improve fever management in areas without microscopy. We compared the accuracy of histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP2) and Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH)-based RDTs, using expert microscopy as a gold standard, for initial diagnosis, treatment monitoring, and diagnosis of recurrent malaria in a cohort of children followed longitudinally in a high transmission area in Uganda. For 305 initial fever episodes, sensitivity was 98% for HRP2 and 87% for pLDH, whereas specificity was 55% and 96%, respectively. The HRP2 gave 51% false-positive results on Day 28, whereas pLDH gave no false positives after Day 7. For 59 recurrent fever episodes during follow-up, sensitivity was 100% for HRP2 and 91% for pLDH, whereas specificity was 33% and 100%, respectively. The HRP2-based RDTs are useful for initial diagnosis of malaria caused by superior sensitivity; however, as a result of superior specificity, pLDH-based RDTs are more appropriate to monitor treatment and diagnose recurrent malaria.enMalaria Rapid Diagnostic Tests (RDTS)Treatment MonitoringTransmission SettingUgandaArticle