Anthocyanins with Unusual Furanose Sugar (Apiose) from Leaves of Synadenium Grantii (Euphorbiaceae)

Abstract

Four anthocyanins, cyanidin 3-O-(200-(5000-(E-p-coumaroyl)-b-apiofuranosyl)-b-xylopyranoside)-5-O-bglucopyranoside, cyanidin 3-O-(200-(5000-(E-p-coumaroyl)-b-apiofuranosyl)-b-xylopyranoside), cyanidin 3-O-(200-(5000-(E-caffeoyl)-b-apiofuranosyl)-b-xylopyranoside) and cyanidin 3-O-(200-(5000-(E-feroyl)-bapiofuranosyl)- b-xylopyranoside) were isolated from leaves of African milk bush, (Synadenium grantii Hook, Euphorbiaceae) together with the known cyanidin 3-O-b-xylopyranoside-5-O-b-glucopyranoside and cyanidin 3-O-b-xyloside. The four former pigments are the first reported anthocyanins containing the monosaccharide apiose, and the three 5000-cinnamoyl derivative-200-(b-apiosyl)-b-xyloside subunits have previously not been reported for any compound.