Gender differentials in HIV prevalence and incidence among adolescents and young adults have been observed in studies from Uganda (Fig. 1) (1–4) and other sub- Saharan Africa countries (5–7). Female adolescents are, on ...

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 RNA loads were determined for 256 subjects with early (incident) HIV infection and for 1293 subjects with later (prevalent) HIV infection, in a Ugandan cohort. Prevalent ...

Alcohol abuse is a major public health problem and is associated with sexually transmitted infections, but the association with HIV is unclear [2]. Alcohol use is common, and disinhibition as a result of alcohol may ...

To model the effects of antiretroviral therapy (ART) and HIV vaccines on HIV transmission using empirical data from studies in Rakai, Uganda. Design: A stochastic simulation model estimated HIV incidence, probabilities ...

HIV vaccine trials generally require that pregnant women are excluded from participation, and contraceptive methods must be used to prevent pregnancy during the trial. However, access to quality services and misconcepti ...

The probability of HIV-1 transmission per coital act in representative African populations is unknown. We aimed to calculate this probability overall, and to estimate how it is affected by various factors thought to ...

Hormonal contraceptives have been associated with increased risk of HIV acquisition. Methods: The association between hormonal contraception use and HIV acquisition was assessed in a rural community-based cohort in Rakai ...

Data comparing survival of formula-fed to breast-fed infants in programmatic settings are limited. We compared mortality and HIV-free of breast and formula-fed infants born to HIV-positive mothers in a program in rural, ...

While the majority of medical inpatients in Uganda are assumed to be HIV-positive, HIV testing is limited in inpatient settings. This study describes HIV testing practices and risk behavior among medical inpatients at ...

Natural killer (NK) cells are important innate effector cells controlled by an array of activating and inhibitory receptors. Some alleles of the inhibitory killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor KIR3DL1 in combination ...