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    Analysis of Attained Height and Diabetes Among 554,122 Adults Across 25 Low- and Middle Income Countries

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    Date
    2020
    Author
    Teufel, Felix
    Geldsetzer, Pascal
    Manne-Goehler, Jennifer
    Karlsson, Omar
    Koncz, Viola
    Deckert, Andreas
    Theilmann, Michaela
    Marcus, Maja-Emilia
    Ebert, Cara
    Seiglie, Jacqueline A.
    Agoudavi, Kokou
    Andall-Brereton, Glennis
    Gathecha, Gladwell
    Gurung, Mongal S.
    Guwatudde, David
    Houehanou, Corine
    Hwalla, Nahla
    Kagaruki, Gibson B.
    Karki, Khem B.
    Labadarios, Demetre
    Martins, Joao S.
    Msaidie, Mohamed
    Norov, Bolormaa
    Sibai, Abla M.
    Sturua, Lela
    Tsabedze, Lindiwe
    Wesseh, Chea S.
    Davies, Justine
    Atun, Rifat
    Vollmer, Sebastian
    Subramanian, S.V.
    Barnighausen, Till
    Jaacks, Lindsay M.
    Neve, Jan-Walter De
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    Abstract
    The prevalence of type 2 diabetes is rising rapidly in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), but the factors driving this rapid increase are notwell understood. Adult height, in particular shorter height, has been suggested to contribute to the pathophysiology and epidemiology of diabetes and may inform how adverse environmental conditions in early life affect diabetes risk. We therefore systematically analyzed the association of adult height and diabetes across LMICs, where such conditions are prominent. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We pooled individual-level data from nationally representative surveys in LMICs that included anthropometric measurements and diabetes biomarkers. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) for the relationship between attained adult height and diabetes using multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression models. We estimated ORs for the pooled sample,major world regions, and individual countries, in addition to stratifying all analyses by sex. We examined heterogeneity by individual-level characteristics. RESULTS Our sample included 554,122 individuals across 25 population-based surveys. Average height was 161.7 cm (95% CI 161.2–162.3), and the crude prevalence of diabetes was 7.5% (95% CI 6.9–8.2). We found no relationship between adult height and diabetes across LMICs globally or in most world regions. When stratifying our sample by country and sex, we found an inverse association between adult height and diabetes in 5% of analyses (2 out of 50). Results were robust to alternative model specifications. CONCLUSIONS Adult height is not associated with diabetes across LMICs. Environmental factors in early life reflected in attained adult height likely differ from those predisposing individuals for diabetes.
    URI
    https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-0019
    https://nru.uncst.go.ug/xmlui/handle/123456789/1936
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