Browsing by Author "Ramjee, Gita"

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    Duration of HIV-1 Viral Suppression on Cessation of Antiretroviral Therapy in Primary Infection Correlates with Time on Therapy
    (PLoS ONE, 2013) Stöhr, Wolfgang; Fidler, Sarah; McClure, Myra; Weber, Jonathan; Cooper, David; Ramjee, Gita; Kaleebu, Pontiano; Tambussi, Giuseppe; Schechter, Mauro; Babiker, Abdel; Phillips, Rodney E.; Porter, Kholoud; Frater, John
    A minority of HIV-1 positive individuals treated with antiretroviral therapy (ART) in primary HIV-1 infection (PHI) maintain viral suppression on stopping. Whether this is related to ART duration has not been explored. Design: And Methods: Using SPARTAC trial data from individuals recruited within 6 months of seroconversion, we present an observational analysis investigating whether duration of ART was associated with post-treatment viraemic control. Kaplan-Meier estimates, logistic regression and Cox models were used. 165 participants reached plasma viral loads (VL) 12 weeks compared to ≤12 weeks (p=0.061). Cumulative probabilities of remaining 12 weeks. In multivariable regression, ART for >12 weeks was independently associated with a lower probability of being ≥400 copies/ml within 12 weeks of ART stop (OR=0.11 (95%CI=0.03,0.34), p
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    Lack of Effectiveness of Cellulose Sulfate Gel for the Prevention of Vaginal HIV Transmission
    (New England Journal of Medicine, 2008) Damme, Lut Van; Govinden, Roshini; Mirembe, Florence M.; Guédou, Fernand; Solomon, Suniti; Becker, Marissa L.; Pradeep, B.S.; Krishnan, A.K.; Alary, Michel; Pande, Bina; Ramjee, Gita; Deese, Jennifer; Crucitti, Tania; Taylor, Doug
    Women make up more than 50% of adults living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) in sub-Saharan Africa. Thus, female-initiated HIV prevention methods are urgently needed. Methods We performed a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of cellulose sulfate, an HIV-entry inhibitor formulated as a vaginal gel, involving women at high risk for HIV infection at three African and two Indian sites. The primary end point was newly acquired infection with HIV type 1 or 2. The secondary end point was newly acquired gonococcal or chlamydial infection. The primary analysis was based on a log-rank test of no difference in the distribution of time to HIV infection, stratified according to site.