Browsing by Author "Nkambo, Mujibu"

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    Effect of stocking density on growth and survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus 1758) under cage culture in Lake Albert, Uganda
    (International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2020) Abaho, Ivan; Zaabwe, Thaddeus; Izaara, Andrew; Kasigwa, Howard N.; Mushabe, Norman; Byenkya, Steven; Nkambo, Mujibu; Baguma, Sylvester D.; Hafashimana, David L. N.; Efitre, Jackson
    In Uganda fish is a great source of animal dietary protein, however, natural stocks continue to decline. Therefore, aquaculture provides a viable option to bridge the increasing fish supply-demand gap. Accordingly, a study was conducted from March to August 2016 to investigate the effect of stocking density on the growth performance, and survival of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in floating netcages to contribute to aquaculture production in Uganda. Nile tilapia fingerlings, with an average weight of 4.07 g were stocked in 8 m3 cages at three different stocking densities; 200, 250, and 300 fish/m3, and fed on a locally formulated commercial feed for 180 days. At the end of the experimental period, results showed that fish stocked at lower densities were heavier than those stocked at higher densities. The mean final weights of fish were; 150.79±85.71, 127.82±68.43 and 118.73±49.29 g in cages stocked with 200, 250 and 300 fish/m3, respectively. The mean final weight in lower density (200 fish /m3) treatments was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of higher density (300 fish/m3) treatments. The mean relative condition factor of fish ranged from 1.02 to 1.06, but was not significantly different (P>0.05) among the stocking densities. Survival rate and stocking density were negatively correlated. The best survival rate (94.19%) was obtained in low stocked cages (200 fish/m3) compared to 92.98% in highly stocked cages (300 fish/m3). The results of this study suggest that 200 fish/m3 of a cage, is the best stocking density in terms of fish growth parameters.
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    Evaluation of the Reproductive Performance of African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Brood Stock Fed on Three Locally Manufactured Commercial Feeds
    (International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2013) Ondhoro, Constantine Chobet; Mwanja, Mathew Tenywa; Nkambo, Mujibu; Kamahooro, Immaculate; Aruho, Cassius
    Brood stock management experiment was conducted at Kireka fish farm Uganda, to evaluate the fecundity and economic performance of three new local commercial feeds for African catfish brood stock development and conditioning. The fish were conditioned in earthen ponds, stocked at 0.5 kg/m3 for three months before spawning. The feeds were code named N2, B3 and N3 for Kajjansi 35%, Ugachick 35% and Tende Innovative Farm feeds respectively. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in the crude protein composition of all the test diets. Significantly lower lipid contents (2.326%) were noticed in N3. Mean number of eggs per unit brood stock weight differed significantly across all feed treatment (F = 10.179, P= 0.002), with N2 producing the highest N = 57,075± 18,922; B3= 51,477±16,266; N3= 45,375±13,399, generally improved from the baseline of 6,874±1001. Fertilization was significantly different (F=3.695E30, P=0.0001), across all diets (Mean; (N2= 78.13±8.99%; B3= 72.93±16.02%; N3= 59.95±19.96%). Hatchability differed significantly across all feed treatments (F=3.6E31, P=0.0001), compared to the baseline, Mean; (N2= 77±10.01%; B3= 67± 2.5%; N3= 58±11.15%; baseline= 45.80±5.45%). It was established that a farmer using N2 (Kajjansi) feeds would generate up to $1,114 net profit per kilogram of female brood stock spawned. While using B3 (Ugachick 35%), would generate $196 per kilogram female above total cost. N2 was the best feed overall, with the highest fecundity, percent fertilization, hatchability & net returns above total cost, followed by B3 and lastly N3. The findings of this study show that, though the profitability of a hatchery business depends on management and the germplasm, fecundity plays a crucial role in determining the net returns of the business and is greatly affected by type and quality of brood stock feeds.
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    Growth Performance and Survival of African Catfish (Clarias Gariepinus) Fed on Different Diets
    (International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2017) Aruho, Cassius; Ddungu, Richard; Mwanja, Mathew Tenywa; Immaculate, Kamahooro; Nkambo, Mujibu; Ondhoro, Constantine Chobet
    Two trial experiments were conducted to assess the performance of a commercial dry feed D in combination with de-capsulated Artemia (AD), Moina (FD) and dry feed alone on African catfish larvae Clarias gariepinus for 14 days. The trials were conducted sequentially, separated by two months at the same facility to validate the consistence of the weaning effect of the feed on the growth of catfish larvae. Results showed that the final larval mean total length TL (cm) of larvae weaned using a feed combination AD (Trial 1, 1.50±0.013 1; Trial 2, 1.44±0.011), significantly performed better in both trials than that of larvae weaned on the other two diets, FD (Trial1, 1.37±0.011; Trial 2, 1.3510±0.0091) and D (Trial 1, 1.39±0.0141; Trial 2, 1.3150±0.009). There was no significant difference in the final mean total length of catfish larvae weaned on feed combinations FD and D (P>0.05). Specific growth rate (daily length % increment) ranged between 4.2% and 5.1% in all trials with the highest noted in feed combination AD. Although, weaner feed combination AD performed better than other feeds, there were no significant differences in larval survival in all the trials (P>0.05). In spite of the good performance of the combination diet (AD), results from other feed (diet) combinations were fairly good as well. Feed D (57% crude protein CP) is an imported commercial feed that has been recently introduced in the country and can be popularized as a starter feed without the need to culture tedious live feeds or use of expensive Artemia combinations.
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    Malaria Prevalence and Risk Factors in University Communities of Eastern Uganda: a case of Islamic University in Uganda
    (Research Square, 2021) Elmi Warsame, Abdishakur; Ssenku, Jamilu Edrisa; Alemu Okurut, Shaban; Luwaga Mpagi, Joseph; Iramiot, Jacob Stanley; Kudamba, Ali; Nkambo, Mujibu; Namuli, Aidah; Nakizito, Joweria; Gidudu, George; Nabuuma, Hawa; Mukasa Kafeero, Hussein; Nachuha, Sarah; Walusansa, Abdul
    Malaria remains the world’s leading vector-born cause of mortality and morbidity, and Eastern Uganda contains some of the country’s highest prevalence rates. Though academic societies, such as universities, may be prone to high malaria transmission, the extent of the burden and risk factors in university communities of Eastern Uganda are poorly understood. The aim in this study was to examine malaria prevalence, preventive strategies, and risk factors, among University communities in Eastern Uganda; to inform targeted malaria eradication efforts in academic settings. Methods: A mixed methods approach was applied. A case study of Islamic University in Uganda (IUIU), located in Eastern Uganda, was selected. A retrospective approach was used to determine malaria prevalence in IUIU from August to December 2019. Stratified random sampling was used to select IUIU community members; these were subjected to semi-structured questionnaires and Key informant Interviews (KII) to examine the preventive approaches and risk factors. An observational survey was also conducted to identify barriers to malaria prevention. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, graphs, Chisquare, and pictures; with STATA version-15.0. Results: The study involved 255 respondents (204, 80% students, 51, 20% staff); 130, 51% were males, 125, 49% were females. Malaria prevalence was; 12.9%, 11.7% and 12.7% for students, staff, and the general study population respectively. Lowest prevalence was registered in November (8.3% for students, 0% for staff), and the highest in December (18.4% for students, 6.7% for staff). Overall malaria prevalence in IUIU was significantly greater than Uganda’s national prevalence (χ2=182.009; p<0.0001; 95%CI). The commonest intervention was, sleeping under insecticide-treated mosquito-nets (96%), and the rarest was usage of medicinal herbs (15%). Though 41 (17.5%) of respondents who used mosquito-nets never suffered malaria, usage of mosquito-nets was not significantly associated with absence of malaria infection (p = 0.83). The same applied for other interventions except timely testing and treatment (p = 0.02). Most frequently mentioned risk factors were; improper use of mosquito nets (214, 84%), inappropriate depositing of garbage (196, 77%), and “staying out late” (133, 52%). Key barriers to malaria prevention observed were; usage of damaged bed nets (38, 19% of 198), clogged trenches with liquid wastes, and perforated wire meshes in ventilators. Conclusion: The overall prevalence of malaria in IUIU community was 12.7%; and was significantly higher than Uganda’s national prevalence (7%). Usage of insecticide-treated bed-nets was the commonest intervention, but showed no statistically significant association with malaria non-prevalence. Awareness programs should be enhanced to address inappropriate use of malaria control methods/tools, because the widespread adoption of these interventions alone did not effectively curb the burden.
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    Site suitability assessment of selected bays along the Albert Nile for Cage Aquaculture in West Nile region of Uganda
    (International Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture, 2016) Kasozi, Nasser; Opie, Hellen; Iwe, Gerald; Enima, Christopher; Nkambo, Mujibu; Turyashemererwa, Martin; Naluwayiro, Janet; Sadik, Kassim
    Selection and management of sites are among the most significant elements for the success and sustainability of aquaculture operations. Water quality, water depth and water current are three of the major factors that need to be considered before initiating cage culture in a natural water body. This study was conducted to identify suitable sites for cage farming along the Albert Nile of Uganda by assessing the physical, chemical and topographical characteristics over a three month period. Four bays (Odoi, Fundo, Onere and Isirini) were randomly sampled and the results were compared against the acceptable standards. Basing on the physical and chemical criteria, most of the surveyed points were within the acceptable ranges except for the water depths which were lower and total suspended solids which were higher than the recommended ranges. Regarding topographical characteristics, Odoi and Fundo bays were found to be very prone to floating weeds and submergent macrophytes. All the sampled areas within Odoi, Fundo and Onere fishing bays whose depths were found to be more than 2 m can be manipulated to have Low Volume High Density (LVHD) cages while Isirini, Acaar and Ayilebe fishing bays were found not to be suitable for cage culture because they were very shallow.